Table 3.

Week Two: Three Billy Goats Gruff —Examples of TALK targets in the lessons.

Program component	Activity	Example
Opening circle	Greetings	Who is here? Say, I am.
	Hello song	Who's wearing (color, type of clothing)? Say, I am.
	Introduce theme	Song Script: Hello, Hello, Hello and how are you?
		I'm fine, I'm fine, and I hope that you are too!
		Three Billy Goats Gruff: troll, toll, told, gold
Talk Time	Introduce vocabulary: Define, picture, written word, gesture	Vocabulary: stroll, troll, toll, told, gold
	Shared Book Reading	Three Billy Goats Gruff
	Practice troll vs. goat talk	Goat: I am going for a stroll to get nice and fat
	Act out script on the basis of story with contrasts	Troll: Oh no you're not! The troll told him
	Review story with script using felt board characters	Troll: you must first pay a toll . ONE piece of gold
	Charades: Act out vocabulary	Children “act” out different characters or objects from story
		Examples: goat, troll, gold, bridge
		Children guess using the script: Are you a _____?
		Response: I am a _____. Or I'm not a _____.
Rhyme Time	“Lettercise” song	Alphabetic principle
	“Rhyming to Read”	Letter sound correspondence
	Consonant-vowel-consonant words were used to teach:	Teach the foundational skills to apply to the MAE/NMAE contrasts (e.g., How many sounds do you hear in toll vs. told?)
	• Letter-sound correspondence	Do toll and told rhyme?
	• Rhyming	Rhyming words are words that sound the same at the end. Script used “Troll, toll, they both say oll, those words rhyme
	• Segmenting “Break it Down”
	• Blending
Closing circle	Leave-taking “Say goodbye like a goat or a troll to your friend”	Use of different voices to greet your friend

Note. TALK Targets: mark copula, auxiliary, the final stressed consonant cluster, and that we all talk differently depending on context. MAE/NMAE = Mainstream American English/non-MAE.