Table 1.

Participant characteristics.

Participant characteristics	S1: Male	S2: Female	S3: Male
Age at study (years;months)	5;1	4;8	5;4
Age at implantation (years;months)	1;4	Right ear: 1;1	Right ear: 3;3
		Left ear: 1;6	Left ear: 3;11
Device	Bilateral: Cochlear Nucleus 5	Right ear: Cochlear Nucleus 5	Bilateral: Cochlear Nucleus 5
		Left ear: Cochlear Nucleus 6
Speech recognition thresholds	Not provided	WIPI at 60 dB HL: 100% with 0 dB SNR; 80% with 5dB SNR	Right ear: Nu-CHIPS score 88% at 25 dB HL
			Left ear: Nu-CHIPS score 92% at 20 dB HL
MLU a	2.54	4.70	1.89
SPELT-P2 b	39	77	31
PPVT-4 c	73	106	63
GFTA-2 d	102	103	69

Note. SNR = signal-to-noise ratio; WIPI = Word Intelligibility by Picture Identification Test; NU-CHIPS = Northwestern University-Children's Perception of Speech.

^a Mean length of utterance in morphemes.

^b Structured Photographic Elicited Language Test, Preschool–Second Edition. Standard scores have M = 100 and SD = 15.

^c Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test–Fourth Edition. Standard scores have M = 100 and SD = 15.

^d Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation–Second Edition. Standard scores have M = 100 and SD = 15.