Fig 1. Phenotypic frequency densities without (top) and with (bottom) preparedness.

Density plot for the phenotypic frequency at the end-point (time step 50000) for the different strategies over 100 simulation runs. Solid lines: Danger > 0. Dotted lines: Danger = 0. Blue = Asocial learning (O₀,T₀), yellow = observational learning (O₁,T₀), red = parental learning (O₀,T₁), orange = advanced social learning (O₁,T₁).