Supplementary figure S4: Total dystrophin expression in cell culture following miR31-modulation. Total dystrophin transcripts in dystrophic myotube cultures carrying the mdx mutation (H2KSF1), either untreated (ntx), incubated with M23D skipping oligo alone (skip), or with M23D combined with miR31-modulating oligos (as indicated. Top: sponge. Middle: protector. Bottom: miR31-analogue) added either simultaneously (T0), 24 hours after M23D addition (T24) or 48 hours after (T48). miR31-modulating oligos were added at 1:1 or 4:1 ratios with skipping oligo as indicated. Means + SEM (N=3). AU: arbitrary units. Dystrophin mRNA level normalized to the geometric mean of three reference genes; see methods.