TABLE 1.
Patient demographics and baseline laboratory and blood pressure characteristics
| Variable | Renal denervation (n = 11) | Spironolactone (n = 13) | P |
| Clinical characteristics | |||
| Age (year) | 61.9 ± 6.6 | 64.9 ± 8.2 | 0.4 |
| Sex, males, n (%) | 6 (55) | 9 (69) | 0.7 |
| Caucasian, n (%) | 11 (100) | 11 (85) | 0.4 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 33.7 ± 7.4 | 30.6 ± 3.6 | 0.2 |
| Abdominal circumference (cm) | 113.7 ± 13.5 | 108.7 ± 9.8 | 0.3 |
| Current cigarette smokers, n (%) | 5 (46) | 4 (31) | 0.7 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 4 (36) | 8 (62) | 0.4 |
| Dyslipidaemia, %, n (%) | 11 (100) | 11 (85) | 0.5 |
| Previous CVD, n (%) | 2 (18) | 3 (23) | 0.6 |
| Duration of hypertension (year) | 13.6 ± 6.9 | 14.2 ± 7.7 | 0.8 |
| Antihypertensive drugs, n | 4.3 ± 0.8 | 3.9 ± 0.6 | 0.1 |
| Laboratory parameters | |||
| Serum creatinine (μmol/l) | 86.7 ± 28.9 | 81.3 ± 13.2 | 0.6 |
| eGFR (ml/min per 1.73 m2)a | 74.6 (54.8; 91.2) | 85.0 (68.1; 95.8) | 0.5 |
| Serum potassium (mmol/l) | 4.1 ± 0.4 | 4.0 ± 0.6 | 0.9 |
| UAE (mg/g)a | 9.0 (6.8; 104.1) | 28.8 (19.1; 222.1) | 0.1 |
| Microalbuminuria, n (%) | 4 (36) | 7 (54) | 0.4 |
| BP values | |||
| Ambulatory BP | |||
| 24-h SBP (mmHg) | 149.2 ± 6.9 | 155.4 ± 9.9 | 0.1 |
| 24-h DBP (mmHg) | 81.3 ± 8.8 | 80.9 ± 9.7 | 0.9 |
| 24-h PP (mmHg) | 68.0 ± 6.9 | 74.5 ± 10.6 | 0.1 |
| 24-h HR (bpm) | 63.3 ± 6.3 | 68.2 ± 9.4 | 0.2 |
| Daytime SBP (mmHg) | 152.6 ± 7.9 | 158.9 ± 9.4 | 0.1 |
| Daytime DBP (mmHg) | 83.8 ± 10.5 | 83.4 ± 9.3 | 0.9 |
| Daytime PP (mmHg) | 68.5 ± 6.8 | 75.5 ± 9.7 | 0.1 |
| Daytime HR (bpm) | 66.5 ± 7.8 | 70.5 ± 10.0 | 0.3 |
| Night-time SBP (mmHg) | 141.9 ± 11.4 | 147.7 ± 15.5 | 0.3 |
| Night-time DBP (mmHg) | 75.7 ± 8.8 | 75.9 ± 11.7 | 0.9 |
| Night-time PP (mmHg) | 66.2 ± 9.2 | 71.9 ± 14.2 | 0.3 |
| Night-time HR (bpm) | 57.3 ± 6.4 | 62.9 ± 9.7 | 0.1 |
| Office BP | |||
| Office SBP (mmHg) | 168.0 ± 13.8 | 171.2 ± 16.8 | 0.6 |
| Office DBP (mmHg) | 89.6 ± 12.8 | 90.2 ± 16.1 | 0.9 |
| Office PP (mmHg) | 78.4 ± 17.0 | 81.1 ± 18.8 | 0.7 |
| Office HR (bpm) | 67.1 ± 10.6 | 67.7 ± 12.7 | 0.9 |
BP, blood pressure; bpm, beats per minute; CVD, cardiovascular disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HR, heart rate; HT, hypertension; PP, pulse pressure; UAE, urinary albumin excretion.
aData given as median (IQR). Remaining data are given as mean ± SD or percentages.