Fig. 2.

Api restores the M1/M2 status in obese mice. (a–c) The expression of surface markers MHCII, CD80 and MGL1/2 of mouse primary peritoneal macrophage isolated from HFD mice treated with the vehicle (0.1% DMSO), indicated doses of Api for 21 days was measured (left) and the flow data was quantified (right) by using on one-way ANOVA followed by a Dunnett's test (n = 9). All values are expressed as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ns, no significant difference compared with vehicle. (d–f) The expression of surface markers MHCII, CD80 and MGL1/2 of mouse primary peritoneal macrophage isolated from ob/ob mice treated with the vehicle (0.1% DMSO), 30 mg/kg Api for 21 days was measured (left) and the flow data was quantified (right) by using the Student's t-test (n = 9). All values are expressed as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 compared with vehicle. (g–h) Relative mRNA expression of M1 and M2 macrophage markers in the adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) from HFD mice treated with the vehicle (0.1% DMSO), indicated doses of Api for 21 days, CCL3, CCL4, Arg1 and Ym1 were measured by using qRT-PCR, and normalized to vehicle group and the level of β-actin. All values are expressed as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis is based on one-way ANOVA followed by a Dunnett's test (n = 9). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ns, no significant difference, compared with vehicle. (i–j) Relative mRNA expression of M1 macrophage markers, CCR2, CCL3, CCL4, TNF-α and M2 markers MMP-9, Arg1, Ym1 and CD206 in the ATMs from ob/ob mice treated with the vehicle (0.1% DMSO), 30 mg/kg Api for 21 days were measured by using qRT-PCR, and normalized to ob/ob (vehicle) group and the level of β-actin (n = 9). All values are expressed as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis is based on the Student's t-test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 compared with vehicle.