Table 2.

Predictors of adult smokers’ responses to health warning labels (HLWs) on cigarette packages, Canada and Australia, 2012–2013.

	Think about health risks due to HWLs				Forwent cigarette due to HWLs				Avoidance of HWLs
	Bivariate		Adjusted model		Bivariate		Adjusted model		Bivariate		Adjusted model
Independent variables	B	(95% CI)	B	(95% CI)	OR	(95% CI)	AOR	(95% CI)	OR	(95% CI)	AOR	(95% CI)
Country
Australia	REF		REF		REF		REF		REF		REF
Canada	0.24a	[0.02–0.45]	0.07	[−0.14–0.27]	0.91	[0.73–1.13]	0.81	[0.64–1.02]	0.96	[0.88–1.14]	0.96	[0.79–1.16]
Heaviness of smoking	−0.15c	[−0.21- −0.09]	−0.02	[−0.08–0.05]	0.83c	[0.78–0.89]	0.97	[0.89–1.04]	0.99	[0.94–1.05]	1.03	[0.97–1.1]
Recent quit attempt
No	REF		REF		REF		REF		REF		REF
Yes	0.74c	[0.58–0.9]	0.43c	[0.25–0.61]	2.66c	[2.19–3.24]	2.45c	[1.94–3.09]	1.49c	[1.28–1.74]	1.40c	[1.17–1.7]
Quit intentions
No	REF		REF		REF		REF		REF		REF
Yes	0.89c	[0.73–1.06]	0.40c	[0.22–0.58]	1.87c	[1.57–2.24]	1.39b	[1.12–1.73]	1.44c	[1.23–1.67]	1.16	[0.96–1.4]
Self-efficacy	0.38c	[0.3–0.46]	0.25c	[0.17–0.33]	1.24c	[1.15–1.34]	1.19c	[1.09–1.3]	1.00	[0.94–1.07]	0.98	[0.91–1.06]
Response efficacy
Low	REF		REF		REF		REF		REF		REF
Middle	0.75c	[0.58–0.92]	0.66c	[0.49–0.84]	0.87	[0.7–1.09]	0.71b	[0.56–0.9]	1.25c	[1.02–1.52]	1.15	[0.93–1.48]
High	1.42c	[1.22–1.61]	1.26c	[1.06–1.46]	0.94	[0.76–1.18]	0.73a	[0.57–0.94]	1.56c	[1.29–1.9]	1.38b	[1.12–1.72]
Reactance	−0.41c	[−0.59- −0.24]	−0.38c	[−0.54- −0.22]	0.86	[0.73–1.02]	0.82a	[0.69–0.98]	1.12	[0.98–1.28]	1.06	[0.92–1.21]

Note. Adjusted models adjust for all the independent variables listed in the table, as well as for age, gender, education, income, survey wave, and time in sample. Bivariate models: a, p < .05; b, p < .01; c, p < .001. Adjusted models: d, p < .05; e, p < .01; f, p < .001. n _smokers = 1,838 providing n _observations = 7,120 (in CA n _smokers = 917 providing n _observations = 3,266 and in AU n _smokers = 923 providing n _observations = 3,854).