Table 3.
Predictors of attempting to quit by the subsequent wave of observation.
| Bivariate |
Adjusted model 1* |
Adjusted model 2** |
Adjusted model 3*** |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Independent variables | % | OR | (95% CI) | AOR | (95% CI) | AOR | (95% CI) | AOR | (95% CI) |
| Country | |||||||||
| Australia | 35% | REF | REF | REF | REF | ||||
| Canada | 41% | 1.19 a | [1.01–1.41] | 1.06 | [0.89–1.26] | 1.08 | [0.90–1.30] | 1.03 | [0.86–1.24] |
| Heaviness of Smoking | 2.2^ | 0.82 c | [0.78–0.86] | 0.91e | [0.85–0.96] | 0.91 e | [0.85–0.97] | 0.90 e | [0.85–0.96] |
| Recent quit behavior | |||||||||
| No | 19% | REF | REF | REF | REF | ||||
| Yes | 69% | 12.48 c | [10.42–14.93] | 5.33 f | [4.35–6.53] | 4.93 f | [4.00–6.08] | 5.76 f | [4.68–7.08] |
| Quit intentions | |||||||||
| No | 21% | REF | REF | REF | REF | ||||
| Yes | 59% | 3.45 c | [2.96–4.03] | 2.15 f | [1.76–2.61] | 2.15 f | [1.76–2.64] | 2.24 f | [1.84–2.73] |
| Self-efficacy | 3.15^ | 1.37 c | [1.29–1.46] | 1.17 f | [1.08–1.27] | 1.17 f | [1.07–1.27] | 1.19 f | [1.09–1.29] |
| Response efficacy | |||||||||
| Low | 29% | REF | REF | REF | REF | ||||
| Middle | 33% | 1.13 | [0.95–1.35] | 0.85 | [0.66–1.09] | 0.99 | [0.77–1.28] | 0.87 | [0.68–1.11] |
| High | 45% | 1.76 c | [1.47–2.1] | 1.13 | [0.89–1.45] | 1.43 e | [1.11–1.83] | 1.23 | [0.97–1.57] |
| Reactance | 3.3^ | 0.95 | [0.84–1.08] | 1.01 | [0.88–1.16] | 1.04 | [0.90–1.20] | 0.98 | [0.85–1.12] |
| Thinking about health risks | 5.2^ | 1.19 c | [1.15–1.22] | 1.08 f | [1.04–1.12] | N/A** | N/A*** | ||
| Forwent cigarettes due to HWLs | |||||||||
| Never | 30% | REF | REF | REF | REF | ||||
| Once or more | 63% | 2.78 c | [2.31–3.34] | N/A* | 1.97 f | [1.576–2.466] | N/A*** | ||
| Avoiding HWLs | |||||||||
| No | 33% | REF | REF | REF | REF | ||||
| Yes | 46% | 1.34 c | [1.16–1.56] | N/A* | N/A** | 1.41 f | [1.17–1.70] | ||
Note. ^ = Mean. Bivariate models: a, p < .05; b, p < .01; c, p < .001. Adjusted models: d, p < .05; e, p < .01; f, p < .001. n smokers = 1,838 providing n observations = 7,120 (in CA n smokers = 917 providing n observations = 3,266 and in AU n smokers = 923 providing n observations = 3,854).
*Model adjusts for age, gender, education, income, survey wave, and time in sample, as well as all variables listed in the table but not forwent cigarettes due to HWLs and avoid HWLs.
**Model adjusts for age, gender, education, income, survey wave, and time in sample, as well as all variables listed in the table but not thinking about health risks and avoid HWLs.
***Model adjusts for age, gender, education, income, survey wave, and time in sample, as well as all variables listed in the table but not thinking about health risks and forwent cigarettes due to HWLs.