Table 2.
Association between agricultural success, land area cultivated and household socioeconomic position in 100 households in Nagongera, Uganda
| Indicator | Land area cultivated (%) | Wealth index tertile (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <1.6 haa (N = 59) | ≥1.6 ha (N = 41) | P | Poorest (N = 35) | Middle (N = 32) | Highest (N = 33) | P | |
| Land area cultivated | |||||||
| Land area cultivated (≥1.6 ha vs <1.6 ha)a | - | - | - | 28.6 | 34.4 | 60.6 | 0.02 |
| Land ownership (all owned vs part rented) | 35.6 | 51.2 | 0.12 | 45.7 | 34.4 | 45.5 | 0.57 |
| Farm labour | |||||||
| Hired farm labour | 50.9 | 61.0 | 0.32 | 42.9 | 43.8 | 78.8 | 0.004 |
| Total number of farm workers (≥6 people vs 0–5 people) | 25.4 | 51.2 | 0.008 | 17.1 | 31.3 | 60.6 | 0.001 |
| Capitalisation and inputs | |||||||
| Ox-plough used, past 12 months | 33.9 | 73.2 | <0.001 | 34.3 | 40.6 | 75.8 | 0.001 |
| Pesticides and herbicides used, past 12 months | 69.5 | 78.1 | 0.34 | 65.7 | 75.0 | 78.8 | 0.46 |
| Access to credit for agriculture | 15.3 | 29.3 | 0.09 | 17.1 | 18.8 | 27.3 | 0.55 |
| Productivity | |||||||
| TLUb per household member (≥0.05 vs <0.05 TLU per person) | 33.9 | 61.0 | 0.007 | 37.1 | 34.4 | 63.6 | 0.03 |
| Market engagement | |||||||
| Total income from crop sales, past 12 monthsc | 27.1 | 51.2 | 0.002 | 20.0 | 31.3 | 60.6 | 0.01 |
| Total income from crop and livestock sales, past 12 monthsd | 18.6 | 40.0 | 0.001 | 11.4 | 18.8 | 53.1 | 0.001 |
| Proportion of crops sold (≥25 % vs <25 %) | 22.0 | 48.8 | 0.005 | 17.1 | 31.3 | 51.5 | 0.01 |
| Non-agricultural income | |||||||
| Main source of household incomee | - | - | - | 11.4 | 15.6 | 21.2 | 0.27 |
| Remittances received, past 12 months | - | - | - | 5.7 | 12.5 | 27.3 | 0.04 |
aHa = hectare; 1.6 ha = 4 acres
bTropical Livestock Units (TLUs) are a standardised method for quantifying livestock. One TLU corresponds approximately to 250 kg animal weight and total TLUs are calculated by assigning region-specific weights to different livestock types. The following weights were assigned, after Chilonda and Otte: 0.5 per cattle, 0.1 per goat, 0.01 per poultry or rabbit [32]
cTotal income from all crop sales in the past 12 months: ≥US$ 80 versus < US$ 80 (2013 prices)
dTotal income from crop and livestock sales in the past 12 months: ≥US$ 120 versus < US$ 120 (2013 prices)
eMain source of household income: skilled labour versus remittances, agriculture or manual labour