Table 1.
Participant characteristics by phenotype of airflow obstruction
| COPD (n = 23) |
No COPD (n = 98) |
p-value | Asthmaa
(n = 33) |
No asthma (n = 88) |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 50.4 (5.7) | 43.9 (10.1) | <0.001 | 43.0 (9.5) | 46.0 (9.8) | 0.14 |
| Female, n (%) | 6 (26.1) | 33 (33.7) | 0.48 | 15 (45.5) | 24 (27.3) | 0.06 |
| African American, n (%) | 13 (56.5) | 53 (54.1) | 0.83 | 21 (63.6) | 43 (48.9) | 0.43 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 27.0 (7.9) | 27.8 (6.1) | 0.58 | 30.7 (8.1) | 26.5 (5.3) | 0.008 |
| Smoke status, n (%) | 0.18 | 0.13 | ||||
| Never | 1 (4.4) | 20 (20.4) | 2 (6.1) | 19 (21.6) | ||
| Former | 7 (30.4) | 24 (24.5) | 21 (23.9) | 10 (30.3) | ||
| Current | 15 (65.2) | 54 (55.1) | 21 (63.6) | 48 (54.6) | ||
| Pack-years smoked, median (range) | 20.0 (0-102) | 9.8 (0-45) | <0.001 | 13.5 (0-102) | 10.8 (0-75) | 0.33 |
| Intravenous drug use (ever), n (%) | 3 (13.0) | 3 (3.1) | 0.05 | 1 (3.0) | 5 (5.7) | 0.99 |
| Cocaine use (ever), n (%) | 5 (21.7) | 23 (23.5) | 0.86 | 5 (15.2) | 23 (26.1) | 0.20 |
| Marijuana use (ever), n (%) | 9 (39.1) | 56 (57.1) | 0.12 | 15 (45.5) | 50 (56.8) | 0.26 |
| HAART use, n (%) | 21 (91.3) | 85 (86.7) | 0.55 | 28 (84.9) | 78 (88.6) | 0.57 |
| CD4 count (cells/μl), mean (SD) | 578.6 (270.4) | 603.5 (339.6) | 0.75 | 596.7 (299.1) | 599.9 (338.6) | 0.96 |
| HIV RNA level <50copies/mL, n (%) | 16 (69.6) | 68 (69.4) | 0.99 | 19 (57.6) | 65 (73.9) | 0.08 |
| Doctor-diagnosed asthma | 8 (34.8) | 17 (17.4) | 0.99 | 25 (75.8) | 0 | na |
| Bronchodilator response | 6 (26.1) | 8 (8.2) | 0.02 | 14 (42.4) | 0 | na |
| Cough | 9 (39.1) | 26 (26.5) | 0.23 | 14 (42.4) | 21 (23.9) | 0.05 |
| Phlegm | 9 (39.1) | 38 (38.8) | 0.98 | 14 (42.4) | 33 (37.5) | 0.62 |
| Wheeze | 12 (52.2) | 31 (31.6) | 0.06 | 19 (57.6) | 24 (27.3) | 0.002 |
| Dyspnea | 10 (43.5) | 35 (35.7) | 0.49 | 14 (42.4) | 31 (35.2) | 0.47 |
| pre-BD FEV1 %pred, mean (SD) | 72.6 (19.0) | 95.8 (16.7) | <0.001 | 77.7 (20.6) | 96.5 (16.2) | <0.001 |
| pre-BD FEV1/FVC, mean (SD) | 0.61 (0.09) | 0.78 (0.06) | <0.001 | 0.69 (0.12) | 0.77 (0.08) | <0.001 |
| post-BD FEV1/FVC, mean (SD) | 0.62 (0.08) | 0.81 (0.06) | <0.001 | 0.73 (0.12) | 0.80 (0.08) | 0.003 |
| post-BD FEV1/FVC < LLN, n (%) | 23 (100) | 0 (0) | na | 12 (36.4) | 11 (12.5) | 0.003 |
| DLco % predicted, mean (SD) | 0.57 (0.15) | 0.68 (0.13) | <0.001 | 0.63 (0.13) | 0.67 (0.14) | 0.13 |
Abbreviations: SD Standard deviation, BMI Body Mass Index, HAART Highly active antiretroviral therapy, BD Bronchodilator, FEV1 Forced expiratory volume in 1 second, FVC Forced vital capacity, %pred Percent predicted, LLN Lower limit of normal, DLco Diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide
aAsthma phenotype is defined by a history of doctor-diagnosed asthma or a bronchodilator response during pulmonary function testing (Increase in FEV1 or FVC of greater than 200 ml and 12 %)