Table 1.
Plasma biomarkers of kidney damage in dogs, at the initiation (Week -1) and the end (Week 24) of a 24-wk period of consumption of PEGB at 4, 20 or 40 mg/kg/d. (Data are means ± SEM, n = 6/group; minima and maxima values are mentioned in parenthesis)
| Biomarkers (reference values) | Units | Control | PEGB | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 mg/kg/d | 20 mg/kg/d | 40 mg/kg/d | |||||||
| Week -1 | Week 24 | Week -1 | Week 24 | Week -1 | Week 24 | Week -1 | Week 24 | ||
| Creatinine (0.3–1.4) | mg/dL | 0.8 ± 0.1 (0.4–1.0) | 0.8 ± 0.1 (0.5–1.0) | 0.9 ± 0.1 (0.7–1.1) | 0.7 ± 0.1 (0.6–0.9) | 0.8 ± 0.1 (0.5–1.1) | 0.8 ± 0.1 (0.5–1.3) | 0.9 ± 0.1 (0.7–1.1) | 0.8 ± 0.1 (0.5–0.9) |
| Blood urea nitrogen (7–25) | mg/dL | 14 ± 1 (11–15) | 13 ± 1 (10–15) | 12 ± 1 (8–15) | 11 ± 1 (7–14) | 10 ± 1 (8–10) | 9 ± 1 (7–13) | 12 ± 1 (10–17) | 12 ± 1 (9–15) |
| Sodium (138–160) | mmol/L | 145 ± 2 (138–150) | 142 ± 2 (137–147) | 146 ± 2 (138–152) | 142 ± 2 (136–148) | 147 ± 1 (143–151) | 142 ± 1 (138–146) | 145 ± 1 (143–147) | 146 ± 2 (140–151) |
| Potassium (3.7–5.8) | mmol/L | 4.7 ± 0.1 (4.4–5.1) | 4.7 ± 0.3 (3.7–5.4) | 4.4 ± 0.1 (3.8–4.7) | 4.6 ± 0.2 (3.6–5.0) | 4.5 ± 0.1 (4.2–4.9) | 4.5 ± 0.2 (3.9–5.1) | 4.6 ± 0.1 (4.4–4.9) | 4.8 ± 0.3 (4.0–5.8) |
| Calcium (8.6–11.8) | mg/dL | 10.1 ± 0.2 (9.4–10.5) | 10.1 ± 0.1 (9.8–10.7) | 10.7 ± 0.2 (9.8–11) | 10.4 ± 0.1 (10.0–10.8) | 10.5 ± 0.3 (9.6–11.2) | 10.4 ± 0.2 (9.8–10.8) | 10.5 ± 0.1 (10.1–10.9) | 10.5 ± 0.1 (10.1–10.8) |
| Phosphate (2.9–6.6) | mg/dL | 4.3 ± 0.2 (3.6–5.0) | 4.2 ± 0.3 (3.3–4.9) | 4.5 ± 0.3 (3.9–5.8) | 4.4 ± 0.3 (3.3–5.2) | 4.2 ± 0.2 (3.4–5.1) | 4.4 ± 0.3 (3.6–5.1) | 4.4 ± 0.2 (3.4–5.1) | 4.2 ± 0.1 (3.8–4.6) |
| Albumin (2.5–4.4) | g/dL | 3.1 ± 0.2 (2.3–3.4) | 3.2 ± 0.2 (2.6–3.6) | 3.5 ± 0.1 (3.2–3.6) | 3.3 ± 0.1 (2.7–3.6) | 3.4 ± 0.2 (2.9–3.4) | 3.3 ± 0.2 (2.3–3.9) | 3.4 ± 0.1 (3.0–3.6) | 3.4 ± 0.1 (3.3–3.7) |