Table 5. Linear regression analysis evaluating the association of pasta consumption with waist and hip circumference and waist-to-hip ratio in Moli-sani participantsa.
| Women (N=7216) | Men (N=7186) | |
|---|---|---|
| Waist circumference (cm) | ||
| Pasta-energy residuals | ||
| Unadjusted models | −0.02 (<0.001) | −0.01(0.05) |
| Multi-adjusted modelsb | −0.009 (0.12) | −0.003 (0.48) |
| Pasta-body weight residualsc | ||
| Unadjusted models | −1.8 (<0.001) | −0.7 (<0.001) |
| Multi-adjusted modelsb | −2.0 (<0.001) | −1.2 (<0.001) |
| Hip circumference (cm) | ||
| Pasta-energy residuals | ||
| Unadjusted models | −0.02 (<0.001) | −0.003 (0.18) |
| Multi-adjusted modelsb | −0.01 (0.03) | −0.0001 (0.97) |
| Pasta-body weight residualsc | ||
| Unadjusted models | −1.5 (<0.001) | −0.6 (<0.001) |
| Multi-adjusted modelsb | −1.7 (<0.001) | −1.0 (<0.001) |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | ||
| Pasta-energy residuals | ||
| Unadjusted models | −0.0001 (0.06) | −0.0001 (0.09) |
| Multi-adjusted modelsb | −0.00001 (0.95) | −0.00002 (0.24) |
| Pasta-body weight residualsc | ||
| Unadjusted models | −0.005 (<0.001) | −0.002 (0.004) |
| Multi-adjusted modelsb | −0.005 (<0.001) | −0.003 (<0.001) |
a
Results derived from linear regression analysis with main outcome as the waist or hip circumference (cm) or waist-to-hip ratio and independent variable as the pasta-energy residuals or pasta-body weight residuals. Results are presented as β-coefficients (P-value) (for 1 unit increase in predicted residuals).
b
Models have been adjusted for age, socioeconomic status, physical activity level, energy intake and Mediterranean pattern adherence.
c
The β-coefficient for 1 unit increase in pasta-body weight residuals corresponded to 35 g per day increase in pasta intake.