Table 2.

Sample descriptives showing student demographic and hygiene-related behavioral factors (N = 2,082) and school (N = 116) hygiene- and sanitation-related structural factors

	n	%	95% CI*
Student factors (N = 2,082)
Sex (observed)
Males	1,052	50.5	47.0–52.0
Grade (observed)
4	1,033	49.6	47.7–51.6
Age (self-reported)
Median (IQR)	10 (9–11)	–	–
Hygiene behavior (self-reported)
Poor handwashing before meals	436	20.9	18.0–24.2
Poor handwashing after toilet use	436	20.9	18.2–24.0
Inconsistent toilet use	1,060	50.9	45.7–56.1
Diarrhea prevented student from attending class	863	41.5	38.2–44.7
Poor education recall	278	13.4	11.4–15.7
Last time had diarrhea drank ORS	667	32.0	28.8–35.5
School factors (N = 116)
Facilities (observed)
Type of toilet
Latrine	68	58.6	49.9–66.8
Septic tank	53	45.7	37.3–54.4
Pour flush	63	54.3	45.1–63.4
Number of toilets, median (IQR)	4 (2–6)	–	–
Number of handwash stations, median (IQR)	2 (1–3)	–	–
Students-to-toilet ratio, median (IQR)	52 (27–76)	–	–
Students-to-handwash station ratio, median (IQR)	76 (38–148)	–	–
Handwash station not near toilet	66	74.2	63.7–82.4
Provision of no separate toilets for female students	60	51.7	42.6–60.8
Insufficient soap available	83	71.6	62.8–78.9
Insufficient water available	30	25.9	18.7–34.6
Outcome
Illness in past week (self-reported)
Neither diarrhea nor vomiting	1,352	64.9	61.2–68.5
Diarrhea only	233	11.2	9.9–13.8
Vomiting only	253	12.1	10.3–14.3
Diarrhea and vomiting	244	11.7	9.2–13.5

CI = confidence interval; IQR = interquartile range; ORS = oral rehydration salts.

^*Standard errors adjusted for school clustering and regional stratification.