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. 2016 Aug 3;95(2):348–353. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0059

Table 1.

Demographic and behavioral characteristics of adults and adolescents aged 15–64 years by HBV infection status, Kenya, 2007

Category Overall
Current HBV infection*
Past or present HBV infection
N % N Weighted % (95% CI) N Weighted % (95% CI)
Overall 1,091 100.00 27 2.07 (1.36–3.13) 365 31.52 (27.98–35.30)
Residing province
 Nairobi 153 14.02 0 41 27.60 (18.09–39.68)
 Central 149 13.66 4 2.72 (1.03–7.04) 36 23.70 (17.88–30.70)
 Coast 129 11.82 4 3.19 (1.05–9.32) 44 30.11 (21.15–40.89)
 Eastern 112 10.27 2 1.75 (0.42–7.07) 41 35.10 (24.31–47.65)
 North Eastern 140 12.83 9 7.35 (3.76–13.88) 84 60.84 (50.78–70.05)
 Nyanza 154 14.12 5 2.66 (1.18–5.86) 53 36.28 (30.24–42.78)
 Rift Valley 118 10.82 3 1.85 (0.52–6.34) 33 30.60 (20.37–43.17)
 Western 136 12.47 0 33 23.60 (16.54–32.50)
Rural/urban
 Rural 785 71.95 26 2.72 (1.78–4.13) 284 33.65 (29.71–37.83)
 Urban 306 28.05 1 0.41 (0.06–2.93) 81 26.09 (19.16–34.45)
Gender
 Male 431 39.51 18 3.53 (2.15–5.76) 145 30.69 (25.96–35.87)
 Female 660 60.49 9 1.16 (0.54–2.51) 220 32.03 (27.52–36.91)
Age group (years)
 15–24 378 34.65 9 1.92 (0.94–3.90) 66 17.81 (13.40–23.28)
 25–34 272 24.93 6 2.04 (0.86–4.79) 87 30.08 (23.37–37.77)
 35–44 191 17.51 6 2.36 (0.91–6.01) 78 37.36 (28.15–47.58)
 45–54 153 14.02 4 2.33 (0.80–6.57) 82 53.89 (44.35–63.15)
 55–64 97 8.89 2 1.82 (0.39–7.96) 52 50.86 (36.47–65.10)
Education
 No primary 223 20.44 9 3.45 (1.57–7.41) 114 47.55 (38.25–57.02)
 Incomplete/complete primary 507 46.47 12 1.86 (1.05–3.28) 164 33.99 (29.30–39.02)
 Secondary or higher 361 33.09 6 1.78 (0.73–4.26) 87 21.39 (16.17–27.73)
Marital status
 Never married or cohabitated 328 30.06 5 1.46 (0.51–4.13) 56 18.28 (13.69–24.00)
 Formerly married or cohabitated 130 11.92 3 1.44 (0.40–5.12_ 51 32.93 (23.40–44.12)
 Currently monogamous 554 50.78 17 2.43 (1.43–4.08) 220 37.18 (32.23–42.41)
 Currently polygamous 79 7.24 2 3.48 (0.95–11.92) 38 50.68 (36.80–64.45)
Ever blood transfusion
 Yes 63 5.77 3 3.62 (0.89–13.54) 26 33.68 (16.41–56.78)
 No 1,028 94.23 24 1.93 (1.24–2.98) 339 31.33 (27.97–34.89)
Lifetime number of sex partners
 No partner/never had sex 148 13.91 2 0.38 (0.09–1.63) 27 16.29 (10.69–24.05)
 1 partner 337 31.67 7 1.42 (0.50–3.97) 131 31.41 (25.08–38.52)
 2+ partners 579 54.42 18 2.92 (1.82–4.66) 196 34.61 (30.02–39.50)
Had sex partner in last 12 months?
 Yes 756 72.69 21 2.48 (1.55–3.95) 258 33.64 (29.41–38.15)
 No 284 27.31 5 1.13 (0.40–3.17) 78 24.16 (18.76–30.54)
Have you ever used a condom?
 Yes 268 30.45 9 3.29 (1.60–6.65) 65 25.43 (18.83–33.39)
 No 612 69.55 14 1.81 (1.01–3.22) 258 38.75 (33.97–43.75)
Lifetime number of medical injections
 0 724 66.36 19 2.21 (1.30–3.72) 240 30.65 (26.52–35.12)
 1 95 8.71 0 37 33.37 (22.52–46.32)
 2–3 168 15.40 4 2.17 (0.75–6.11) 48 29.19 (22.15–37.39)
 ≥ 4 104 9.53 4 3.07 (1.37–6.73) 40 39.14 (28.79–50.57)
Among females, ever given birth
 Yes 526 79.70 6 0.98 (0.41–2.32) 193 34.81 (29.55–40.47)
 No 134 20.30 3 1.85 (0.38–8.59) 27 21.53 (14.15–31.35)

CI = confidence interval; HBV = hepatitis B virus. Specimens that were quantity not sufficient and missing values were excluded from this analysis.

*

Current HBV infection was defined as having a positive laboratory result for both hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) and the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg).

Past or present HBV infection was defined as having a positive laboratory result for HBcAb.

Primary school is defined as elementary school usually from the ages of about 5 to 11 years. Secondary school is middle and high school usually from the ages 10 or 11 to 18 or 19 years.