Table 4.
Criterion Validity Findings by Measure
| Authors (Date) | Measure | Criterion Measure | Correlation | Sensitivity | Specificity | ROC Curve Analysis | PPV | NPV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benedict et al (2003) [36] | BDI-FS | BDI, CES-D, neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI) | BDI r = .85, p < .001; CES-D r = .86, p < .001; NPI subscales range r = .32-.50, ps < .05 | |||||
| Sullivan et al. (1995) [47] | BDI | Structured clinical interview (DSM) | 88 % (≥9), 71 % (≥13) | 46 % (≥9), 79 % (≥13) | 54 % (≥9), 70 % (≥13) | 84 % (≥9), 79 % (≥13) | ||
| Honarmand and Feinstein (2009) [42] | HADS-D (≥8) | SCID-I (DSM) | 90 %, (95%CI 73–98)* 86.7 % (95%CI 68–96)* fatigue item excluded (≥6) | 87.3 %, (95%CI 81–92)* 86.7 % (95%CI 80–92)* fatigue item excluded (≥6) | AUC = 0.94, 0.93 fatigue item excluded (≥6) | 90.6 %, 90.6 % fatigue item excluded (≥6) | ||
| Nicholl et al. (2001) [31] | HADS-D | BDI (Predictive) | r = .58, p < .01 | 25 % - When using cut-off of 5/6 (identified by ROC curve), 75 % | 86 % - When using cut-off of 5/6 (identified by ROC curve), 69 % | Identified the optimum cut-off of 5/6 when compared to the BDI. | ||
| Avasarala et al. (2003) [34] | YSQ | BDI (Cut-off of ≥13) | 65.3 % (95%CI 50–78) | 87.3 % (95%CI 77–94) | 78.0 % (95%CI 62–89) | 78.5 % (95%CI 68–87) | ||
| Mohr et al. (2007) [38] | Two-item measure | SCID (DSM) | Both questions: 51 % (95%CI 38–63), either: 99 % (95%CI 91–100), 1 only: 75 % (95%CI 62–84), 2 only: 75 % (95%CI 62–84) | Both: 98 % (95%CI 94–99), either: 87 % (95%CI 81–91), 1 only: 94 % (95%CI 89–97), 2 only: 94 % (95%CI 89–97) | Both: 90 % (95%CI 74–97), either: 72 % (95%CI 61–80), 1 only: 73 % (95%CI 61–83), 2 only: 81 % (95%CI 68–89) | Both: 85 % (95%CI 80–89), either: 99 % (95%CI 96–100), 1 only: 91 % (95%CI 86–95), 2 only: 91 % (95%CI 86–95) | ||
| Pandya et al. (2005) [43] | CES-D | DSM-IV psychiatric interview | 59.6 % (95%CI 45.0–74.1) for major depression; 74.5 % (95%CI 61.5–87.4) for any depressive disorder. | |||||
| Solari et al. (2003) [49] | CMDI | Previously diagnosed according to DSM-IV | Total scale: 96.8 %; mood: 96.9 %; evaluative and vegetative: 75.0 % | |||||
| Vahter et al (2007) [50] | One-item measure | BDI (>10 cut-off) and structured clinical interview | 81%a | 89%a | 93.5%a |
Note: Studies that are not included in the table either did not assess criterion or did not report it.aExtracted from Manoj and Sivan (2007) [52] *Calculated by EL. SCID = Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders; ROC = Receiver operating characteristic