Table 3.

Baseline Omega-3 Fatty Acid and Biomarker Levels of Intention-to-Treat Population

Characteristic	Omega-3 Fatty Acids (n = 180)	Placebo (n = 178)	P-Value
Fatty Acids (RBC % of total)
Omega-3 index	5.5 ± 1.8	5.7 ± 1.7	0.45
DHA (C22:6n3)	4.7 ± 1.3	4.9 ± 1.4	0.29
EPA (C20:5n3)^†	0.63 (0.47. 0.90)	0.64 (0.51, 0.89)	0.67
DPA (C22:5n3)	2.94 ± 0.48	2.94 ± 0.42	0.49
α-Linolenic (C18:3n3)	0.12 ± 0.04	0.12 ± 0.04	0.71
Arachidonic (C20:4n6)	17.1 ± 1.7	17.2 ± 1.5	0.69
Linoleic (C18:2n6)	9.5 ± 1.5	9.4 ± 1.5	0.30
Oleic (C18:1)	13.9 ± 1.1	13.9 ± 1.1	0.90

Inflammatory Biomarkers
Fibrinogen [g/L]	405 (341, 522)	407 (340, 499)	0.83
hsCRP [mg/L]^†	2.6 (1.3, 8.5)	2.4 (1.0, 6.9)	0.22
Myeloperoxidase [ng/mL]^†	341 (265, 404)	324 (264, 386)	0.39
Lp-PLA2	171 (140, 200)	164 (135, 194)	0.25

Neurohormonal Activation Biomarkers
NT-proBNP [ng/L]^†	526 (244, 1086)	460 (224, 881)	0.27
Cystatin C [mg/dL]^†	1.0 (0.9, 1.2)	1.0 (0.9, 1.2)	0.52
GFR [mL/min per 1.73 m²]^†	82 (61, 101)	84 (66, 102)	0.54

Cardiac Strain Biomarkers
ST2 [ng/mL]^†	35 (27, 43)	36 (29, 43)	0.23
Galectin-3 [ng/mL]^†	16 (12, 19)	15 (13, 18)	0.78

Lipid Levels
Total Cholesterol [mg/dL]	129 (107, 148)	127 (109, 151)	0.94
LDL-C [mg/dL]	69 (54, 86)	66 (54, 84)	0.46
HDL-C [mg/dL]	42 (36, 49)	42 (36, 50)	0.94
Triglycerides [mg/dL]^†	120 (84, 161)	121 (92, 183)	0.26

DHA docosahexanoic acid, DPA docosapentaenoic acid, EPA eicosapentanoic acid, GFR glomerular filtration rate, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hsCRP high sensitivity C-reactive protein, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Lp-PLA2 lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, NT-proBNP N-terminal prohormone brain natriuretic peptide, and RBC red blood cell.

Continuous data are expressed as means ± SD if normally distributed, otherwise median (25^th, 75^th percentile).

^†

Natural logarithm transformation was used to improve normality and/or homoscedasticity of residuals, prior to performing Student’s t-tests.