Figure 3.

Effect of P. indica on A. thaliana shoot growth (A), root colonization (B and C), and expression of defense genes (D) in different PNM concentration [7 days co-cultivation under long day light (50 ± 15 µmol m⁻² sec⁻¹)]. (A) Shoot fresh weight (up) and promotion in % relative to the uncolonized control (down). (B) Fluorescent microscopy of Arabidopsis roots stained with trypan blue and fuchsin acid. (C) P. indica ITS mRNA level (relative to plant GAPDH mRNA level) from colonized roots grown on different PNM concentrations. (D) Fold changes of PR genes (+ P. indica / - P. indica) in Arabidopsis shoots grown on different PNM concentrations. For statistics, cf. Materials and Methods.