Table 1.
Demographic characteristics, perceived discrimination, self-reported health, and psychological mediators for the full sample and by racial/ethnic group
| Variable | Full sample (n=734) | Asian (n=341) | Black (n=260) | Latino(a) (n=133) | p valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (women), n (%) | 529 (72.07) | 234 (68.6) | 197 (75.77) | 98 (73.68) | <0.14 |
| Student, n (%) | 446 (60.76) | 258 (75.66)a | 122 (46.92)b | 66 (49.62)b | <0.001 |
| Education, n (%) | <0.001 | ||||
| Less than high school | 39 (5.31) | 5 (1.47)a | 21 (8.08)b | 13 (9.77)b | |
| High school diploma | 499 (67.98) | 224 (65.69) | 183 (70.38) | 92 (69.17) | |
| College degree or better | 196 (26.70) | 112 (32.84) | 56 (21.54) | 28 (21.05) | |
| Full- or part-time employed, n (%) | 481(66.34) | 212(63.10) | 174(67.18) | 95(73.08) | <0.12 |
| Married, n (%) | 149 (20.55) | 64 (18.99) | 54 (21.01) | 31 (23.66) | <0.52 |
| Born in the USA, n (%) | 408 (55.59) | 157 (46.04)a | 158 (60.77)b | 93 (69.92)b | <0.001 |
| Mean age (SD) | 28.40 (12.70) | 25.62(11.52)a | 31.43(13.41)b | 29.57(12.72)b | <.001 |
| Lifetime exposure | 1.81 (0.63) | 1.66 (0.55)a | 1.98 (0.67)b | 1.85 (0.63)b | <0.001 |
| PEDQ subscales | |||||
| Social exclusion | 2.17 (0.76) | 2.00 (0.69)a | 2.37 (0.78)b | 2.23 (0.77)b | <0.001 |
| Workplace/school discrimination | 1.88 (0.82) | 1.70 (0.71)a | 2.06 (0.89)b | 1.99 (0.85)b | <0.001 |
| Stigmatization | 1.58 (0.69) | 1.46 (0.59)a | 1.69 (0.75)b | 1.66 (0.76)b | <0.001 |
| Threat/harassment | 1.50 (0.69) | 1.48 (0.66) | 1.54 (0.72) | 1.44 (0.72) | <0.33 |
| MOS self-reported health | 3.84 (0.76) | 3.81 (0.73) | 3.83 (0.80) | 3.95 (0.79) | <0.55 |
| Depressive symptoms | 1.94 (0.78) | 1.94 (0.72) | 1.95 (0.82) | 1.94 (0.85) | <0.99 |
| Anxiety symptoms | 1.76 (0.78) | 1.78 (0.73) | 1.70 (0.81) | 1.80 (0.87) | <0.37 |
| Cynical hostility | 0.50 (0.21) | 0.47 (0.21)a | 0.54 (0.20)b | 0.49 (0.20)a,b | <0.001 |
Different letters indicate significant (p<0.05) between-group differences identified using post hoc contrasts PEDQ-CV Perceived Ethnic Discrimination Questionnaire—Community Version
a
p values are for comparisons across race and ethnic groups using analysis of variance of continuous measures and χ2 for categorical variables