Table 2. Results.

	Elective use (n = 25)			nCPAP failure (n = 53)		p-Value
GA (wk) (median; IQR)	25.7; 25.0–26.6			27.5; 26.1–28.7		0.001
Weight at birth (g) (median; IQR)	680; 500–860			930; 745–1,150		0.002
Days of life (median; IQR)	39; 17–60			11; 5.5–24		0.022
Prenatal corticosteroids, n (%)	19 (76)			45 (84.9)		0.517
Rate of intubation at delivery, n (%)	18 (72)			23 (43.4)		0.061
Surfactant, n (%)	22 (88)			46 (86.8)		0.356
Days of MV prior to SNIPPV use (median; IQR)	60; 28–192			5; 0–72		<0.001
Duration (h) of SNIPPV support (median; IQR)	96; 48–132			48; 10–84		0.033
Air leaks, n (%)	1 (4)a			4 (7.5)b		0.551
Nasal injury, n (%)	0			1 (1.9)c		0.489
Pathologic cranial ultrasound,d n (%)	1 (4)1			4 (7.5)		0.551
Successe	23(92)			35 (66)		0.014
	Previous nCPAP extubation failure (n = 12)	Ventilator-dependent patients (n = 13)	Apnea (n = 23)	Hypoxemia (n = 15)	Respiratory acidosis (n = 15)
	11 (91.7)	12 (92.3)	15 (62.5)	9 (60)	11 (73.3)	0.081

Abbreviations: GA, gestational age; IQR, interquartile range; MV, mechanical ventilation; nCPAP, nasal continuous distended pressure; SNIPPV, synchronized nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation.

^aPrevious to SNIPPV use.

^bPrevious to SNIPPV use.

^cResolved with topical care, no iMV was needed.

^dIntraventricular hemorrhage grade 3 or 4 based on Papile's classification or persistent periventricular leukomalacia (more than 15 days).

^eNo iMV in the next 72 h.