Table 2. Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the differences in GDF-15 levels and the differences in various variables.
| Variables | Total | DM | Non-DM |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 0.277* | 0.418* | -0.087 |
| WC | 0.262* | 0.035 | 0.274 |
| BMI | 0.108 | -0.199 | 0.297 |
| SBP | 0.338* | 0.244 | 0.212 |
| HOMA-IR | 0.225* | -0.030 | 0.124 |
| HbA1c | 0.305* | -0.060 | 0.066 |
| Fasting glucose | 0.359* | 0.010 | -0.010 |
| Fasting c-peptide | 0.115 | -0.114 | 0.192 |
| Fasting insulin | 0.067 | -0.086 | 0.159 |
| TC | -0.016 | -0.204 | -0.017 |
| LDL-C | -0.079 | -0.298* | -0.082 |
| HDL-C | -0.075 | 0.020 | 0.098 |
| No. of metabolic syndrome components† | 0.354* | 0.067 | 0.258 |
| FRS | 0.458* | 0.457* | -0.104 |
| New Pooled Cohort Equation score | 0.617* | 0.539* | -0.058 |
DM, type 2 diabetes group; Non-DM, control without diabetes; GDF15, growth differentiation factor-15; WC, waist circumference; BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; TC, total cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; FRS, Framingham risk score.
*P < 0.05; †Zero to five factors are defined by NCEP-ATP III clinical identification of metabolic syndrome; waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and fasting glucose level.