Effect of GDF9 stimulation at varied doses on early follicle growth in vitro. Box and whisker plots indicate the median, interquartile range, and minimum and maximum values for the follicle volume fold change observed in primary and early secondary follicles (50–120 μm in diameter) in response to stimulation with GDF9 at concentrations of 0, 50, 200, 500, and 1000 ng/ml. Dashed horizontal line indicates baseline at start of culture. *p < 0.05 in Wilcoxon signed-rank test compared to baseline