Table 1. Characteristics osf studies included for the meta-analysis.
First author | Year | Ethnicity | Study design | Phenotype of Maternal Hypertension | Sample size |
Adjusted OR (95%CI) | Factors adjustd | Results of ROP with maternal hypertension | NOS qualityanalysis | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ROP | No ROP | |||||||||
Purohit, D. M. | 1985 | USA | Prospective cohort | Toxemia | 328 | 2697 | N/A | N/A | Increased risk of retrolental fibroplasia | 7 |
Holmström, G. | 1996 | Stockholm, Sweden | Retrospective case-control | Pre-eclampsia | 81 | 121 | N/A | N/A | Inconclusive | 5 |
Maheshwari, R. | 1996 | New Delhi, India | Prospective cohort | Maternal pregnancy-induced hypertension | 13 | 53 | N/A | N/A | Inconclusive | 8 |
Seiberth, V. | 2000 | Germany | Retrospective case-control | Maternal pre-eclampsia | 145 | 257 | N/A | N/A | Inconclusive | 5 |
Gupta, V. P. | 2004 | New Delhi, India | Prospective cohort | Maternal hypertension | 13 | 47 | N/A | N/A | No association | 8 |
Shah, V. A. | 2005 | Singapore | Retrospective case-control | Maternal pre-eclampsia | 165 | 399 | 2.51 (1.32–4.7) | Pulmonary haemorrhage, duration of mechanical ventilation, duration of CPAP, BW | Predictive of ROP | 6 |
Çetinkaya, M. | 2009 | Bursa, Turkey | Prospective cohort | Pre-eclampsia | 10 | 74 | N/A | N/A | No association | 9 |
Zayed, M. A. | 2010 | North Carolina, USA | Restrospective case-control | Maternal gestational hypertension | 322 | 4818 | N/A | N/A | No association | 6 |
Fortes Filho, J. B. | 2011 | Brazil | Prospective cohort | Maternal pre-eclampsia | 97 | 227 | 0.406 (0.202–0.817) | Gestational age (GA), antenatal steroid treatment, use of oxygen in mechanical ventilation, use of indomethacin, blood transfusion, vaginal delivery, small for gestational age (SGA) | Lowers risk of ROP in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants | 8 |
Özkan, H. | 2011 | Bursa, Turkey | Prospective cohort | Maternal pre-eclampsia | 109 | 276 | 1.78 (0.66–1.90) | GA, birth weight (BW), duration of mechanical ventilation, duration of total oxygen | Increased risk of ROP in premature infants | 8 |
Yang, C. Y. | 2011 | Northern Taiwan | Retrospective case-control | Maternal pre-eclampsia | 99 | 117 | 2.52 (1.32–4.7) | Duration of mechanical ventilation and BW | Predictive of ROP | 5 |
Mehmet, S. | 2011 | Izmir, Turkey | Prospective cohort | Maternal pre-eclampsia | 86 | 117 | N/A | N/A | Inconclusive | 8 |
Chen, Y. | 2011 | North and South China | Prospective cohort | Pre-eclampsia | N/A | N/A | 8.26 (2.36–28.9) | GA, BW, maternal supplemental oxygen adminstration, fetus number | Inconclusive | 9 |
Martinez-Cruz, C. F. | 2012 | Mexican City | Prospective cohort | Maternal pre-eclampsia | 34 | 105 | N/A | N/A | Not mentioned | 7 |
Yu, X. D. | 2012 | USA | Retrospective case-control | Pre-eclampsia (PET) and gestational hypertension (HTN) | 1053 | 24420 | 0.66 (0.50–0.87) | GA, mode of delivery, number of fetuses, race, body-mass-index at delivery, BW, gender, blood transfusion, congenital anomalies and intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) | PET but not gestational HTN lowers risk of ROP in preterm births | 9 |
Ggaliardi, L. | 2013 | Italy | Prospective cohort | Gestational hypertensive disorder | N/A | N/A | 2 (1–4) | Level of birth centre and GA | Not mentioned | 7 |
Huang, H. C. | 2015 | Taiwan | Retrospective review | Maternal pre-eclampsia | 2785 | 2933 | 1 (0.84–1.20) | GA, BW, Cesarean section, sex, SGA, Apgar score at 5 min, RDS, transfusion, PDA, sepsis | No assosciation in VLBW infants | 8 |
Yau, G. S. K. | 2016 | Hong Kong | Retrospective review | Pre-eclampsia | N/A | N/A | 0.26 (0.08–0.76) | GA, BW, gestational diabetes mellitus, in-vitro fertilization, postnatal hypotension, inotrope use, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), surfactant use, invasive mechanical ventilation, mean oxygen concentration, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), NSAID use, anemia, blood transfusion, IVH, hypoglycemia | Protective | 9 |
Gebeşçe, A. | 2016 | Istanbul, Turkey | Retrospective review | Maternal pre-eclampsia | 48 | 162 | 3.200 (1.002–11.535) | BW, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), ventilator treatment, BPD | Increased risk | 7 |
N/A: not available.