Table 3.
Odds ratios (95 % confidence intervals) for high baPWV, carotid atherosclerosis, and carotid stenosis according to quartiles of GGT
| High baPWVa | Carotid atherosclerosisb | Carotid stenosisc | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95 % CI) | P | OR (95 % CI) | P | OR (95 % CI) | P | |
| Non-adjusted | ||||||
| Per GGT (U) | 1.01 (0.99–1.01) | 0.718 | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.824 | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.581 |
| Q1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Q2 | 1.24 (0.85–1.81) | 0.258 | 0.84 (0.59–1.18) | 0.316 | 1.12 (0.65–1.93) | 0.687 |
| Q3 | 1.10 (0.75–1.62) | 0.634 | 1.00 (0.71–1.42) | 0.983 | 1.34 (0.78–2.30) | 0.285 |
| Q4 | 1.13 (0.75–1.69) | 0.565 | 0.97 (0.69–1.38) | 0.874 | 1.03 (0.59–1.81) | 0.915 |
| Age and sex-adjusted | ||||||
| Per GGT (U) | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.980 | 1.00 (0.995–1.01) | 0.584 | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.793 |
| Q1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Q2 | 1.11 (0.71–1.71) | 0.652 | 0.77 (0.53–1.13) | 0.178 | 1.12 (0.64–1.98) | 0.689 |
| Q3 | 0.78 (0.49–1.26) | 0.314 | 1.03 (0.70–1.52) | 0.871 | 1.51 (0.85–2.67) | 0.161 |
| Q4 | 1.03 (0.65–1.64) | 0.899 | 0.99 (0.67–1.47) | 0.962 | 1.14 (0.63–2.08) | 0.666 |
| Multivariate-adjusted | ||||||
| Per GGT (U) | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.988 | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.911 | 1.00 (0.98–1.01) | 0.394 |
| Q1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Q2 | 1.29 (0.80–2.08) | 0.304 | 0.78 (0.53–1.16) | 0.222 | 1.10 (0.62–1.97) | 0.747 |
| Q3 | 0.89 (0.53–1.52) | 0.679 | 1.01 (0.67–1.53) | 0.956 | 1.52 (0.78–2.58) | 0.252 |
| Q4 | 1.07 (0.63–1.82) | 0.801 | 0.91 (0.60–1.39) | 0.674 | 0.97 (0.51–1.84) | 0.927 |
The multivariate model was adjusted for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, use of statin, diabetic duration, HbA1c, eGFR, elevated blood pressure, increased waist circumference, high triglyceride levels, and low HDL-C
baPWV brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity
aDefined as the highest quartile of values among the subjects (≥1720 cm/s)
bDefined as cIMT > 0.8 mm or the presence of plaques
cDefined as 50 % or greater of luminal narrowing (plaque score ≥2)