Table 2.
HRQoL in HIV: Covariate categories and comparisons of PHS and MHS median scores
| n (%) | PHS: Median (IQR) | p | MHS: Median (IQR) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) a | 521 (98.7) | −0.065a | 0.139 | 0.061a | 0.165 |
| Gender | 521 (98.7) | – | 0.171 | – | 0.007 |
| Male | 361 (69.3) | 56.6 (48.–60.5) | – | 51.9 (42.7–57.8) | – |
| Female | 160 (30.7) | 55.3 (42.9–60.1) | – | 47.2 (36.8–56.4) | – |
| Ethnicity | 521 (98.7) | – | <0.001 | – | 0.025 |
| Caucasian | 379 (72.7) | 55.5 (44.5–60.1) | – | 50.5 (39.3–57.0) | – |
| Non-Caucasian | 142 (27.3) | 58.1 (53.0–61.0) | – | 51.6 (45.7–58.5) | – |
| Education | 517 (97.9) | – | <0.001 | – | <0.001 |
| Higher education | 247 (47.6) | 58.5 (53.1–61.0) | – | 53.0 (45.7–58.9) | – |
| Lower education | 272 (52.4) | 53.0 (41.5–59.1) | – | 48.3 (36.7–56.0) | – |
| Employment | 518 (98.1) | – | <0.001 | – | <0.001 |
| Employed | 282 (54.4) | 58.9 (53.7–61.3) | – | 54.6 (46.3–60.0) | – |
| Unemployed | 236 (45.6) | 50.2 (37.3–58.1) | – | 46.1 (35.5–54.2) | – |
| Living condition | 521 (98.7) | – | 0.705 | – | 0.615 |
| Lives with family | 323 (62.0) | 56.1 (48.1–60.2) | – | 53.1 (45.1–58.8) | – |
| Lives alone | 198 (38.0) | 56.5 (46.2–60.5) | – | 49.2 (39.1–56.4) | – |
| Sexual activity status | 495 (93.8) | – | <0.001 | – | <0.001 |
| Sexually active | 322 (65.1) | 57.5 (50.4–60.8) | – | 53.0 (44.1–58.6) | – |
| Sexually not active | 173 (34.9) | 52.5 (37.8–59.2) | – | 47.5 (36.4–54.9) | – |
| Current use of illicit drugs | 494 (93.6) | – | 0.001 | – | <0.001 |
| No | 415 (84.0) | 56.7 (49.0–60.6) | – | 51.9 (42.9–57.6) | – |
| Yes | 79 (16.0) | 52.3 (38.3–59.0) | – | 44.4 (35.7–55.3) | – |
| Use of alcoholic drinks | 494 (93.6) | – | 0.017 | – | 0.007 |
| No | 99 (20.0) | 53.6 (38.0–59.6) | – | 47.7 (34.6–55.5) | – |
| Yes | 395 (80.0 | 56.8 (48.8–60.4) | – | 52.2 (42.3–57.6) | – |
| HIV transmission mode | 521 (98.7) | – | 0.001 | – | 0.002 |
| MSM | 177 (34.0) | 58.1 (50.7–61.0) | – | 53.2 (45.3–58.9) | – |
| Not MSM | 344 (66.0) | 55.4 (44.7–60.1) | – | 49.3 (39.1–56.9) | – |
| Time since HIV diagnosed a | 521 (98.7) | −0.134a | 0.002 | −0.013a | 0.774 |
| HIV symptoms | 521 (98.7) | – | <0.001 | – | <0.001 |
| Yes | 85 (16.3) | 44.7 (32.1–54.5) | – | 36.1 (28.6–48.4) | – |
| No | 436 (83.7) | 57.5 (50.3–60.8) | – | 52.6 (44.8–58.5) | – |
| Current ART status | 521 (98.7) | – | 0.096 | – | 0.168 |
| Yes | 436 (88.9) | 56.1 (46.6–60.3) | – | 50.6 (40.9–57.5) | – |
| No | 58 (11.1) | 57.6 (52.6–60.7) | – | 53.8 (44.3–58.1) | – |
| Recent CD4 level | 521 (98.7) | – | 0.003 | – | <0.001 |
| ≤ 350cells/mm3 | 87 (16.7) | 51.7 (37.6–59.6) | – | 46.3 (36.0–53.9) | – |
| > 350cells/mm3 | 434 (83.3) | 56.7 (48.9–60.4) | – | 51.8 (42.3–57.9) | – |
| Recent viral load | 521 (98.7) | – | 0.112 | – | 0.008 |
| < 40 copies/ml | 413 (79.3) | 56.5 (48.8–60.4) | – | 51.2 (42.6–57.9) | – |
| ≥ 40 copies/ml | 108 (20.7) | 55.2 (42.9–60.1) | – | 47.9 (35.0–55.8) | – |
| HIV complications | 521 (98.7) | – | <0.001 | – | 0.006 |
| No | 441 (84.6) | 57.0 (49.2–60.7) | – | 51.4 (42.4–57.7) | – |
| Yes | 80 (15.4) | 49.2 (36.6–56.6) | – | 47.5 (35.0–55.1) | – |
| Co-morbidities | 521 (98.7) | – | <0.001 | – | <0.001 |
| Yes | 271 (52.0) | 51.7 (38.5–58.8) | – | 47.1 (35.7–55.0) | – |
| No | 250 (48.0) | 58.9 (54.2–61.1) | – | 54.5 (46.3–59.7) | – |
| BMI (kg/m 2 ) a | 520 (98.5) | −0.003a | 0.948 | 0.022a | 0.622 |
| Risk of malnutrition | 517 (97.3) | – | 0.001 | – | 0.004 |
| Low risk | 457 (88.4) | 56.6 (49.1–60.4) | – | 51.5 (42.4–57.6) | – |
| High risk | 60 (11.6) | 47.8 (35.9–58.8) | – | 45.3 (33.7–55.5) | – |
| Overall Social Support a | 509 (96.4) | 0.299a | <0.001 | 0.386a | <0.001 |
| Disclosure issues a | 490 (92.8) | 0.062a | 0.182 | 0.026a | 0.561 |
Abbreviations: PHS physical health summary score, MHS mental health summary score, IQR inter quartile range
aSpearman’s correlation