Table 1.
Characteristics | VAP | non-VAP | Control |
---|---|---|---|
(n=30) | (n=12) | (n=30) | |
Age (yrs) | 64.30± 3.19 | 52.67± 5.80 | 35.73 ± 2.20a,b |
Male gender | 25 (83.3%) | 8 (66.7%) | 27 (90.0%) |
Inflammation markers at study enrollment | |||
WBC (/mm3) | 16476.67 ± 1158.26 | 8350.00 ± 953.73a | 7049.67 ± 281.37a |
Neutrophils (/mm3) | 13285.40 ± 1088.20 | 5264.56 ± 898.17a | 4058.63 ± 208.82a |
CRP (ng/dl) | 16.15 ± 1.69 | - | - |
Reason for mechanical ventilation | |||
Surgical | 11 (36.7%) | 10 (83.3%)a | |
Pneumonia | 2 (6.7%) | 0 | |
Pleural effusion / Pulmonary edema | 4 (13.3%) | 0 | |
COPD with Acute Exacerbation | 1 (3.3%) | 0 | |
Cardiac arrest | 2 (6.7%) | 0 | |
Renal failure | 1 (3.3%) | 0 | |
Neurologic failure | 6 (20.0%) | 1 (8.3%) | |
Cardiovascular | 0 | 1 (8.3%) | |
Hypovomemic shock | 4 (13.3%) | 0 | |
Sepsis | 4 (13.3%) | 0 | |
Coexisting illnesses | |||
Pulmonary | 4 (13.3%) | 1 (8.3%) | |
Cardiac | 8 (26.7%) | 3 (25.0%) | |
Liver | 3 (10.0%) | 0 | |
Renal | 4 (13.3%) | 0 | |
Cancer | 10 (33.3%) | 7 (58.3%) | |
Cerebral vascular accident | 4 (13.3%) | 3 (25.0%) | |
Scores at study enrollment | |||
CPIS | 6.40 ± 0.27 | 1.58 ± 0.26a |
WBC, white blood cell; CRP, C-reactive protein; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CPIS, Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score; VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia; discrete variables are expressed as counts (%) and continuous variables as mean ± SE. a p value < 0.05 was considered significant in patients of VAP v.s non-VAP or health control subjects, b p value < 0.05 was considered significant in patients of non-VAP v.s healthy control subjects.