TABLE 2.
Included studies | Contacts with latent TB infection | Contacts screened | Proportion% | 95% CI | τ2 | I2 | |
Low−middle income | |||||||
All ages | |||||||
All# | 76 | 35788 | 60557 | 51.5 | 47.1−55.8 | 0.58 | 98.9 |
Index patient smear positive | 51 | 19003 | 33875 | 52.9 | 48.9−56.8 | 0.32 | 97.7 |
Index patient with HIV | 12 | 1138 | 2376 | 45.7 | 38.7−52.9 | 0.22 | 90.9 |
Index patient XDR/MDR-TB | 6 | 431 | 684 | 61.3 | 39.1−79.6 | 1.21 | 95.2 |
Household contacts | 73 | 23577 | 49512 | 45.4 | 40.7−50.2 | 0.69 | 98.4 |
All close contacts | 73 | 23577 | 49643 | 45.3 | 40.6−50.1 | 0.69 | 98.4 |
Contacts with HIV infection | 8 | 123 | 247 | 53.5 | 40.6−66.0 | 0.36 | 71.4 |
≤5 yrs | 33 | 5102 | 12389 | 35.5 | 30.3−41.1 | 0.42 | 96.6 |
5−14 yrs | 21 | 6587 | 11123 | 53.1 | 42.0−63.9 | 1.05 | 98.6 |
≥15 yrs | 10 | 11980 | 14057 | 65.3 | 35.5−86.5 | 3.80 | 99.6 |
High income | |||||||
All ages | |||||||
All¶ | 92 | 79511 | 284505 | 28.1 | 24.2−32.4 | 0.99 | 99.5 |
Index patient smear positive | 34 | 25910 | 78784 | 34.8 | 27.6−42.7 | 0.96 | 99.1 |
Index patient with HIV | 1 | 131 | 363 | 36.0 | 31.2−41.0 | 0.00 | |
Index patient XDR/MDR-TB | 2 | 287 | 554 | 52.6 | 49.5−55.7 | 0.00 | |
Household contacts | 33 | 20960 | 67175 | 30.0 | 21.3−40.5 | 1.80 | 99.6 |
All close contacts | 29 | 20213 | 68738 | 28.0 | 18.9−39.4 | 1.96 | 99.6 |
Casual contacts only | 7 | 5779 | 27383 | 18.7 | 11.8−28.5 | 0.52 | 99.4 |
Contacts with HIV infection | 3 | 28 | 151 | 25.0 | 11.4−46.4 | 0.53 | 86.6 |
≤5 yrs | 17 | 2093 | 6900 | 16.3 | 9.2−27.0 | 1.73 | 99.2 |
5−14 yrs | 10 | 1407 | 4871 | 18.4 | 11.8−27.5 | 0.64 | 98.4 |
≥15 yrs | 8 | 6221 | 12633 | 41.9 | 30.5−54.2 | 0.50 | 99.4 |
Data are presented as n, unless otherwise stated. XDR: extensively drug resistant; MDR: multidrug resistant. World Bank Income Gross National Income per capita: low income (≤$1,005 per yr); lower-middle income ($1,006 to $3,975 per yr); upper-middle income ($3,976 to $12,275 per yr); high income (≥12,276 per yr) [22]. #: [9, 32, 34, 36–39, 41–43, 48, 49, 52, 55, 57–60, 62–67, 69, 71, 73, 74, 77–79, 81, 83–89, 91, 93–95, 97–101, 185–187, 194–196, 199–201 203–215]; ¶: [10, 28, 30, 31, 102, 103, 105, 107, 109–111, 115, 116, 119, 121–125, 128–138, 142–145, 147–157, 159–184, 188, 189, 193, 202, 216–233].