| (1) Maintenance motives |
People tend to maintain their behaviour if they have at least one sustained maintenance motive, i.e., they are satisfied with behavioural outcomes, they enjoy engaging in the behaviour; if behaviour is congruent with their identity, beliefs and values |
Model of behaviour maintenance (Rothman, 2000) changed into a 2 × 2 behaviour change matrix (Rothman et al., 2009) Regulatory fit theory (Higgins, 2006) Self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985) |
| (2) Self-regulation |
People tend to maintain behaviour if they successfully monitor and regulate the newly adopted behaviour and have effective strategies to overcome barriers to the performance of the new behaviour |
Self-regulation theory (Kanfer & Gaelick, 1991) Relapse prevention theory (Marlatt & George, 1984) Dual process model of self-control (Hofmann et al., 2008) |
| (3) Resources |
People are successful in maintaining behaviour if their psychological and physical resources are plentiful |
Reflective and impulsive model (Strack & Deutsch, 2004) Self-control theory (Baumeister, 2002; Muraven & Baumeister, 2000) Goal conflict model (Stroebe, Mensink, Aarts, Schut, & Kruglanski, 2008) |
| (4) Habit |
People are effective with maintaining behaviours which have become habitual and are supported by automatic responses to relevant cues |
Health-related model of behaviour change (Hunt & Martin, 1988) Habit theory (Verplanken & Aarts, 1999; Verplanken & Orbell, 2003; Verplanken et al., 2008) Process model of lifestyle behaviour change (Greaves, Reddy, & Sheppard, 2010) |
| (5) Environmental and social influences |
A supportive environment and social support are important for behaviour change maintenance. People tend to maintain behaviour which is in line with relevant social changes |
Social cognitive/learning theory (Bandura, 1986) Social change theory (Thompson & Kinne, 1990) Normalisation process theory (May & Finch, 2009) |
