Table 3.
Adult reference intervals (RIs) for chemistry analytes determined by direct RI studies or by consensus
| Analyte | Unit | Australia44 | Turkey43 | Nordic countries16 | United Kingdom5 | Japan42 | Canada38 | Australasia3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cat 2a Direct | Cat 2a Direct | Cat 2a Direct | Cat 4 Consensus | Cat 2a Direct | Cat 2a Direct | Cat 4 Consensus | ||
| Architect | Architect | Multiple platforms | Multiple platforms | 4 main platforms | Architect | 8 main platforms | ||
| Sodium (M) | mmol/L | 136-145 | 137-144 | 137-145 | 133-146 | 137-144 | 16-49y: 137-142 | 135-145 |
| 50-79y: 136-143 | ||||||||
| Sodium (F) | mmol/L | 136-145 | 137-144 | 137-145 | 133-146 | 137-144 | 16-49y: 137-143 | 135-145 |
| 50-79y: 136-143 | ||||||||
| Potassium | mmol/L | 3.7-4.9 | 3.7-4.9 | 3.6-4.6 | 3.5-5.3 | 3.6-4.8 | 3.8-4.9 | 3.5-5.2 |
| Chloride | mmol/L | 101-110 | 99-107 | - | 95-108 | 101-108 | 30-79y: 102-108 | 95-110 |
| Bicarbonate | mmol/L | 20-29* | - | - | 22-29 | - | 19-26 | 22-32 |
| Creatinine (M) | µmol/L | <75y: 65-103 | 59-92 | 60-100 | 60-100 | 57-94 | 16-79y: 63-102 | 60-110*** |
| 75+y: 47-120 | ||||||||
| Creatinine (F) | µmol/L | <75y: 54-83 | 50-71 | 50-90 | 60-100 | 41-69 | 17-79y: 49-85 | 45-90*** |
| 75+y: 40-91 | ||||||||
| Calcium (M) | mmol/L | 2.19-2.56 | 2.15-2.47 | 2.15-2.51 | 2.2-2.6 (adjusted)** | 2.2-2.5 | 20-39y: 2.28-2.60 | 2-10-2.60 |
| 40-79y: 2.24-2.56 | ||||||||
| Calcium (F) | mmol/L | 2.19-2.56 | 2.15-2.47 | 2.15-2.51 | 2.2-2.6 (adjusted)** | 2.2-2.5 | 20-39y: 2.24-2.53 | 2-10-2.60 |
| 40-79y: 2.24-2.56 | ||||||||
| Magnesium | mmol/L | 0.77-1.04 | 0.77-1.06 | 0.71-0.94 | 0.7-1.0 | 0.7-1.0 | - | 0.7-1.1 |
| Phosphate (M) | mmol/L | 0.83-1.36 | 0.80-1.40 | <50y: 0.75-1.65 | 0.8-1.5 | - | 16-47y: 0.95-1.52 | 0.75-1.50 |
| 50+y: 0.75-1.35 | 48-79y: 0.89-1.52 | |||||||
| Phosphate (F) | mmol/L | 0.88-1.44 | 0.80-1.40 | 0.85-1.50 | 0.8-1.5 | - | 16-47y: 0.95-1.52 | 0.75-1.50 |
| 48-79y: 0.99-1.54 | ||||||||
| LDH (M) | U/L | 130-230 | 126-220 | <70y: 105-205 | - | 124-226 [JSCC] | - | 120-250 (L-P [IFCC]) |
| 70+y: 115-255 | ||||||||
| LDH (F) | U/L | 122-232 | 126-220 | <70y: 105-205 | - | 124-226 [JSCC] | - | 120-250 (L-P [IFCC]) |
| 70+y: 115-255 | ||||||||
| U/L | <45y: 52-340 | 48-227 | <50y: 50-400 | 40-320 | 61-257 [JSCC] | - | <60y: 45-250 | |
| CK (M) | 45-65y: 55-357 | 50+y: 40-280 | 60+y: 40-200 | |||||
| 65+y: 49-207 | ||||||||
| U/L | <45y: 37-247 | 34-131 | 35-210 | 25-200 | 43-157 [JSCC] | - | 30-150 | |
| CK (F) | 45-65y: 39-230 | |||||||
| 65+y: 36-190 | ||||||||
| ALP (M) | U/L | <75y: 43-112 | 43-116 | 35-105 | 30-130 | 122-330 [JSCC] | 16-21y: 56-167 | 30-110 |
| 75+y: 42-126 | 22-79y: 50-116 | |||||||
| ALP (F) | U/L | <45y: 32-96 | <50y: 34-97 | 35-105 | 30-130 | 104-299 [JSCC] | 16-29y: 44-107 | 30-110 |
| 45-75y: 40-132 | 50+y: 47-133 | 30-79y: 46-122 | ||||||
| 75+y: 44-146 | ||||||||
| ALT (M) | U/L | <75y: 11-41 | 9-57 | 10-70 | 10-42 [JSCC] | 18-49y: 18-78 | 5-40 (no P5P) | |
| 75+y: 9-48 | 50-79y: 20-62 | |||||||
| ALT (F) | U/L | <75y: 9-35 | 7-28 | 10-45 | 7-27 [JSCC] | 12-49y: 14-41 | 5-35 (no P5P) | |
| 75+y: 8-33 | 50-79y: 16-44 | |||||||
| AST (M) | U/L | <75y: 14-36 | 13-30 | 15-45 | 14-32 [JSCC] | 18-54y: 18-54 | 5-35 (no P5P) | |
| 75+y: 14-34 | 55-79y: 18-39 | |||||||
| AST (F) | U/L | <75y: 13-31 | 11-25 | 15-35 | 12-27 [JSCC] | 20-54y: 18-34 | 5-30 (no P5P) | |
| 75+y: 14-35 | 55-79y: 18-39 | |||||||
| GGT (M) | U/L | <45y: 9-63 | 11-69 | <40y: 10-80 | 12-65 [JSCC] | 20-35y: 12-62 | 5-50 | |
| 45-75y: 13-72 | 40+y: 15-115 | 36-79y: 13-109 | ||||||
| 75+y: 15-78 | ||||||||
| GGT (F) | U/L | <45y: 9-49 | 7-33 | <40y: 10-45 | 9-38 [JSCC] | 18-35y: 12-38 | 5-35 | |
| 45-75y: 9-55 | 40+y: 10-75 | 36-79y: 10-54 | ||||||
| 75+y: 9-57 | ||||||||
| Total Protein | g/L | 62-79 | 66-82 | 62-78 | 60-80 | 66-80 | 20-29y: 65-83 | 60-80 |
| 30-79y: 65-78 | ||||||||
| Total Bilirubin (M) | µmol/L | 5-20 | 3.8-24.1 | 5-25 | <21 | 6.4-24.8 | 16-48y: 3-18 | 1-20 |
| 49-79y: 2-20 | ||||||||
| Total Bilirubin (F) | µmol/L | 5-21 | 2.7-15.9 | 5-25 | <22 | 6.4-24.8 | 16-48y: 1-16 | 1-20 |
| 49-79y: 1-17 |
* Bicarbonate measured prior to Abbott recalibration
** Calcium is adjusted for albumin
*** Creatinine has harmonised RIs for adults up to the age of 60 y.
ALP: alkaline phosphatase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; Cat: category according to Stockholm Hierarchy; CK: creatine kinase; GGT: γ-glutamyltransferase; IFCC: International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine; JSCC: Japan Society of Clinical Chemistry; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; P5P: pyridoxal 5’-phosphate.