Table 1.
Review of human Escherichia vulneris infections reported so far
| Year and place | Age and sex | Diagnosis | Associated bacteria | Immune status | Source | Treatment | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1985, Hawaii [3] | 12 cases | Wound infection | Heavy growth of Staphylococcus aureus | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| 1991, California [6] | 86 years, F | Urosepsis | Pure growth of E. vulneris | Type II diabetes mellitus | Urinary catheter | Ampicillin-sulbactam | Cured |
| 1993, Spain [5] | 2 cases | Post-operative wound infection Post-operative peritonitis |
Enterococcus faecium Cedecea neteri |
NA | NA | NA | NA |
| 1994, Massachusetts [8] | 13 years, M | Osteomyelitis | Pure growth of E. vulneris | Normal | Wooden foreign body | NA | NA |
| 1996, Massachusetts [9] | 62 years, F | Intravenous-catheter-related bacteraemia | Pure growth of E. vulneris | Poor nutrition; Crohn's disease | PICC line | Cefazolin, catheter removal | Cured |
| 1997, Denmark [10] | 14 years, M | Infected soccer wound | Bacillus cereus, CoNS, non-haemolytic streptococci | Normal | Not known | Cefuroxime, wound debridement | Cured |
| 1999, Andhra Pradesh, India [13] | 12 cases | Gastroenteritis | Pure growth of E. vulneris | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| 2005, Delhi, India [11] | 4 years, F | Meningitis | Pure growth of E. vulneris | Normal | Nosocomial | Piperacillin-tazobactam and Meropenem | Cured |
| 2006, Australia [12] | 83 years, F | CAPD-associated peritonitis | Pure growth of E. vulneris | Immune-suppressants for myeloproliferative disease | Peritoneal catheter | Gentamicin | Cured |
| 2007, Tunisia [7] | 70 years, M | Bacteraemia following subcutaneous abscess | Pure growth of E. vulneris | Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia | Abscess | Ciprofloxacin and Gentamicin | Cured |
| 2008, Turkey [1] | 64 years, M | CAPD-associated peritonitis | Pure growth of E. vulneris | Chronic renal failure | Not known | Ceftriaxone | Cured |
| Present case: 2013, New Delhi, India | 2 months, F | Acute gastroenteritis and sepsis | Pure growth of E. vulneris | Normal | Not known | Ampicillin and Amikacin | Cured |
Note: NA, not available; M, male; F, female; PICC, peripherally inserted central catheter; CoNS, coagulase-negative staphylococci; CAPD, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.