Table 4.
Food group intake (g/d) by polyphenol cluster (n 6092)
(Mean values and standard deviations)
| Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | P* | |
| Coffee | 74·4‡ | 110·47 | 191·6 | 51·13 | 119·5 | 90·82 | 462·6† | 185·74 | <0·001 |
| Tea | 260·6† | 286·03 | 121·7 | 207·76 | 156·8 | 258·84 | 43·3‡ | 111·73 | <0·001 |
| Spirits | 18·7 | 36·43 | 21·8 | 34·27 | 15·0 | 32·14 | 23·2† | 45·91 | <0·001 |
| Beer and cider | 29·4 | 62·94 | 36·9 | 78·89 | 33·5 | 91·40 | 39·7† | 83·56 | 0·002 |
| Wine | 194·5 | 191·74 | 208·6† | 190·73 | 61·3‡ | 93·72 | 168·6 | 188·12 | <0·001 |
| Sweetened beverages | 14·0‡ | 32·40 | 14·5 | 36·85 | 23·5† | 58·73 | 19·4 | 47·80 | <0·001 |
| Fruit juice | 40·8 | 61·49 | 39·3‡ | 61·32 | 43·8† | 62·35 | 39·5 | 59·71 | 0·16 |
| Vegetables juice | 1·0 | 7·33 | 0·8 | 5·06 | 1·3 | 10·44 | 1·1 | 10·13 | 0·40 |
| Breakfast cereals | 6·5 | 13·23 | 5·7 | 13·57 | 8·1† | 16·64 | 4·9‡ | 11·84 | <0·001 |
| Flour | 3·2 | 2·64 | 2·9‡ | 2·53 | 3·9† | 3·26 | 3·2 | 2·83 | <0·001 |
| Pasta, rice | 52·8‡ | 38·23 | 54·3 | 40·21 | 69·0† | 52·55 | 58·1 | 41·30 | <0·001 |
| Potatoes | 65·4‡ | 44·93 | 68·0 | 45·94 | 84·0† | 60·41 | 76·5 | 55·93 | <0·001 |
| Bread | 110·1 | 60·77 | 109·2‡ | 63·13 | 147·0† | 70·98 | 123·9 | 66·37 | <0·001 |
| Legumes | 10·7 | 15·41 | 10·4‡ | 15·38 | 13·6† | 18·74 | 11·5 | 16·82 | <0·001 |
| Milk | 110·4 | 129·94 | 135·9 | 127·93 | 197·4† | 162·58 | 96·1‡ | 131·31 | <0·001 |
| Yogurt | 73·6 | 64·79 | 70·0‡ | 64·51 | 80·4† | 67·79 | 76·4 | 72·78 | 0·001 |
| Cream cheese | 18·3 | 31·38 | 16·7‡ | 28·18 | 20·7† | 33·99 | 19·3 | 32·32 | 0·006 |
| Cheese | 42·3‡ | 27·64 | 43·1 | 28·50 | 50·1† | 32·12 | 48·6 | 33·09 | <0·001 |
| Fruit | 182·7 | 111·82 | 172·1‡ | 107·99 | 216·8† | 131·86 | 184·1 | 120·62 | <0·001 |
| Dried fruit | 3·7 | 5·77 | 3·0‡ | 4·17 | 4·6† | 6·48 | 3·3 | 5·37 | <0·001 |
| Vegetables | 200·5 | 77·11 | 198·5‡ | 80·79 | 226·4† | 90·20 | 208·8 | 87·84 | <0·001 |
| Animal fat | 17·7 | 10·37 | 17·3‡ | 10·55 | 23·5† | 12·64 | 20·6 | 11·95 | <0·001 |
| Vegetable fat | 18·3‡ | 9·23 | 18·3‡ | 9·00 | 21·0† | 10·19 | 19·2 | 9·41 | <0·001 |
| Fish | 34·8 | 25·82 | 32·6‡ | 25·01 | 35·7† | 27·74 | 32·8 | 26·06 | 0·002 |
| Seafood | 11·0 | 14·49 | 10·8 | 13·86 | 9·8 | 15·00 | 10·7 | 14·69 | 0·1 |
| Meat | 112·1‡ | 47·00 | 118·1 | 48·85 | 120·9 | 49·54 | 125·1† | 50·63 | <0·001 |
| Processed meat | 25·2‡ | 20·11 | 27·5 | 22·31 | 29·8† | 23·25 | 29·8† | 22·32 | <0·001 |
| Salty snacks | 4·7‡ | 4·42 | 5·3 | 5·30 | 6·1† | 6·16 | 5·6 | 5·59 | <0·001 |
| Sweets and snacks | 80·1‡ | 46·96 | 84·7 | 47·79 | 115·5† | 55·83 | 95·3 | 54·25 | <0·001 |
| Mediterranean Diet Score | 4·53 | 1·57 | 4·27 | 1·60 | 4·56 | 1·57 | 4·53 | 1·52 | <0·001 |
*
P value from mean comparison by ANOVA.
†
Clusters with the highest mean intake of individual polyphenols.
‡
Clusters with the lowest mean intake of individual polyphenols.