Table 1.
Body dimensions and distribution of body fat storage according to age and abdominal obesity.
| Study group | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <30 years old | ≥30 years old | |||
| Without abdominal obesity | With abdominal obesity | Without abdominal obesity | With abdominal obesity | |
| n | 21 | 24 | 12 | 94 |
| Female (%) | 14 (67) | 11 (45) | 10 (83) | 71 (75) |
| Age (years) | 23 ± 3 | 24 ± 3 | 41 ± 9 | 45 ± 8 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.8 ± 2.4 | 28.5 ± 3.8 | 24.4 ± 1.7 | 30.0 ± 3.3 |
| Measurements | ||||
| Height (cm) | 169.7 ± 8.6 | 170.5 ± 9.0 | 160.6 ± 6.2 | 163.2 ± 9.1 |
| Body weight (kg)∗ | 65.9 ± 9.6 | 83.3 ± 15.1 | 62.9 ± 6.0 | 80.3 ± 12.4 |
| Total body fat mass (kg)∗ | 15.2 ± 6.2 | 26.3 ± 7.8 | 19.5 ± 4.2 | 28.7 ± 7.0 |
| Body fat mass (%)∗ | 23.2 ± 8.6 | 31.9 ± 8.1 | 30.8 ± 2.2 | 35.6 ± 6.8 |
| Waist circumference (cm)∗ | 79.7 ± 6.9 | 98.5 ± 8.4 | 79.4 ± 4.3 | 101.0 ± 8.7 |
| Hip circumference (cm)∗ | 99.1 ± 5.6 | 108.4 ± 5.9 | 99.4 ± 4.8 | 109.5 ± 7.6 |
| Trunk body fat mass (kg)∗ | 7.5 ± 3.5 | 14.5 ± 4.1 | 9.4 ± 2.4 | 14.5 ± 3.8 |
| Trunk body fat mass (%)∗ | 11.3 ± 4.6 | 17.4 ± 3.4 | 14.7 ± 3.3 | 18.0 ± 3.5 |
| Total adipose area (cm2)∗ | 510 ± 85 | 778 ± 135 | 503 ± 54 | 817 ± 145 |
| Subcutaneous abdominal area (cm2)∗ | 381 ± 140 | 579 ± 185 | 489 ± 45 | 604 ± 253 |
| Visceral area (cm2) | 301 ± 586 | 267 ± 277 | 456 ± 769 | 435 ± 699 |
| Sagittal abdominal diameter (cm)∗ | 17.8 ± 2.1 | 21.7 ± 2.6 | 18.6 ± 1.1 | 23.0 ± 3.7 |
| Coronal abdominal diameter (cm)∗ | 28.2 ± 4.1 | 33.8 ± 4.9 | 28.9 ± 3.8 | 31.5 ± 6.7 |
| Skinfold thickness (mm) | ||||
| Biceps | 7.8 ± 4.5 | 9.5 ± 4.2 | 9.4 ± 4.4 | 12.9 ± 5.2 |
| Triceps∗ | 16.0 ± 5.1 | 29.1 ± 30.3 | 17.8 ± 4.1 | 21.6 ± 6.3 |
| Subscapular∗ | 15.2 ± 5.3 | 20.4 ± 8.6 | 17.1 ± 5.1 | 23.9 ± 12.8 |
| Suprailiac∗ | 13.6 ± 5.7 | 19.6 ± 8.1 | 15.0 ± 7.1 | 20.8 ± 6.7 |
| Abdominal | 18.5 ± 7.9 | 18.9 ± 9.5 | 20.5 ± 9.2 | 23.8 ± 8.8 |
| ST5∗ | 70.5 ± 25.0 | 97.7 ± 47.2 | 80.0 ± 26.0 | 103.3 ± 29.7 |
n = 151. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Mann-Whitney U test with ∗ P < 0.001 comparing groups by age: individuals with abdominal obesity versus individuals without abdominal obesity. BMI: body mass index; ST5: sum of five measures of skinfold thicknesses (i.e., biceps, triceps, subscapular, suprailiac, and abdominal).