TABLE 1.
Histories of B. anthracis isolates included in this study (n = 76)
| ID | Earlier ID and historya |
|---|---|
| LSU34 | Genotype 57, ASC 274; bovine, China, ca. 1990 (AFLP cluster A3b) |
| LSU39 | Genotype 55, ASC 383, outbreak in cattle, Australia, 1994 (AFLP cluster A3a) |
| LSU62 | Genotype 15; bovine isolate, Poland, 1962 (AFLP cluster Ala) |
| LSU102 | Genotype 85; pig isolate, Mozambique, 1944 (AFLP cluster B2) |
| LSU149 | Genotype 23; human isolate, Turkey, 1991 (AFLP cluster A1b) |
| LSU158 | Genotype 30; bovine isolate, Zambia, 1992 (AFLP cluster A3a) |
| LSU174 | Genotype 3; bovine isolate, Canada, 1974 (AFLP cluster A1a) |
| LSU188 | Genotype 35; zebra, Etosha National Park, Namibia, 1993 (AFLP cluster A3a) |
| LSU193 | Genotype 10; bovine isolate, USA, 1996 (AFLP cluster A1a) |
| LSU248 | Genotype 68; human isolate, USA, 1968 (AFLP cluster A3d) |
| LSU256 | Genotype 41; human isolate, Turkey, 1985 (AFLP cluster A3a) |
| LSU264 | Genotype 28; human isolate, Turkey, 1984 (AFLP cluster A1b) |
| LSU267 | Genotype 25, V770-NPI-R (ATCC 14185); bovine origin, USA, 1951; human U.S. vaccine strain (2a) (AFLP cluster A1b) |
| LSU293 | Genotype 20; sheep, Italy, 1994 (AFLP cluster A1a) |
| LSU328 | Genotype 38; pig, Germany, 1971 (AFLP cluster A3a) |
| LSU376 | Genotype 51; bovine, USA, 1939 (AFLP cluster A3a) |
| LSU379 | Genotype 69; wool, Pakistan, 1976 (AFLP cluster A4) |
| LSU419 | Genotype 34; human, South Korea, 1994 (AFLP cluster A3a) |
| LSU442 | Genotype 87; kudu, Kruger National Park, South Africa, 1975 (AFLP cluster B2) |
| LSU462 | Genotype 62, ASC 159; Ames strain reisolated from guinea pig, 1988 (AFLP cluster A3b) |
| LSU463 | Genotype 29; sheep, Pakistan, 1978 (AFLP cluster A2) |
| LSU465 | Genotype 80; bovine isolate, France, 1997 (AFLP cluster B1) |
| LSU488 | Genotype 77; Vollum strain, Centre for Applied Microbiology and Research, Porton Down, UK (AFLP cluster A4) |
| LSU489 | Genotype 45; bovine isolate, Argentina, 1980 (AFLP cluster A3a) |
| ASC 8 | NCTC 109; shaving brush, Lister Institute, London, UK, 1920. |
| ASC 9 | NCTC 1328; P. Fildes, 1922. |
| ASC 10 | NCTC 2620; Hankow hide (Chinese). London, UK, 1928 |
| ASC 14 | ATCC 241 |
| ASC 15 | ATCC 938; Lederle Laboratories (9a) |
| ASC 16 | ATCC 937; Lederle Laboratories (9a) |
| ASC 17 | ATCC 944 |
| ASC 32 | Penr; blood culture, fatal human case, 30 Dec 1974; presumed source, bonemeal used in garden (31a) |
| ASC 33 | C164G; human, from skin lesion, 1976; presumed source, hides |
| ASC 34 | C149G; human, from skin lesion, 1976; presumed source, imported wool |
| ASC 36 | C129G; human, skin lesion, 1975; presumed source, hides |
| ASC 38 | C73G; human, from CSF of fatal case, 1974; presumed source, bonemeal |
| ASC 39 | C165G; human, from skin lesion, 1976; presumed source, infected animal |
| ASC 40 | Soil, Taunton, UK, 1978 |
| ASC 42 | Bovine case, Denmark |
| ASC 50 | Z1; human isolate, 1982, from the tail end of large Zimbabwe outbreak |
| ASC 54 | Z6, Gamma phage resistant; human isolate, 1982, from the tail end of large Zimbabwe outbreak |
| ASC 58 | Dead elephant, Etosha National Park, 17 March 1983 (33b) |
| ASC 65 | Chronically secreted in bovine milk, Brazil, ca. 1980; uncharacteristic colony morphology |
| ASC 66 | From final effluent, sewage treatment works, UK, 1987 |
| ASC 68 | Ames strain |
| ASC 69 | New Hampshire, human pulmonary anthrax, 1957 (30a) |
| ASC 70 | Penr; believed to be identical to ASC 32 |
| ASC 80 | Tannery dump, UK, 11 August 1988 |
| ASC 119 | BD/WT, NSW, Australia, 1989 |
| ASC 134 | Cape Buffalo, South Luangwa National Park, Zambia, 4 August 1989 |
| ASC 149 | Gamma phage resistant; blue wildebeest, Etosha National Park, Namibia 1988 |
| ASC 179 | Laboratory demolition site, UK, 1990 |
| ASC 182 | Pasteur strain, via University of Massachusetts |
| ASC 183 | Penr; pXO 1−/2+; cured derivative of ASC 32, 1990 |
| ASC 188 | Cow, outbreak on sewage farm, UK, 1990 |
| ASC 194 | Elephant, 25 April 1991, Etosha National Park, Namibia |
| ASC 206 | RNL 437; Kruger National Park, South Africa, no further history, ca. 1990 |
| ASC 230 | Soil samples from burial site of bovine 50 years previously, 10 Sept 1991, UK (33a) |
| ASC 259 | Cow, Zambia, 1992 |
| ASC 266 | Plaster and dusty hair and wool, St. Pancras railway station, London, UK, 1992 |
| ASC 272 | Animal fur, Xingjiang Province, China, ca. 1990 |
| ASC 319 | Bovine, Scotland, 1993 |
| ASC 324 | Garden bonemeal, UK, 1993 |
| ASC 356 | Blue wildebeest, Etosha National Park, Namibia, 1993 |
| ASC 375 | Sanitary Technical Institute; Russian vaccine strain |
| ASC 391 | Bovine dead of anthrax, Isle of Wight, UK, 1994 |
| ASC 394 | Ames reisolate; guinea pig which died of anthrax after cessation of ciprofloxacin treatment |
| ASC 395 | Vollum reisolate; guinea pig which died of anthrax after cessation of doxycycline treatment |
| ASC 396 | Ames reisolate; culled guinea pig 18 days after cessation of ciprofloxacin therapy |
| ASC 397 | Vollum reisolate; lungs of culled guinea pig 18 days after cessation of ciprofloxacin therapy |
| ASC 398 | Ames reisolate; guinea pig which died of anthrax after cessation of doxycycline treatment |
| ASC 399 | Ames reisolate; lungs of culled guinea pig 27 days after doxycycline therapy |
| ASC 403 | Cutaneous lesion (human), 25 Aug 1995 (3a) |
| BDRD Ames | Ames strain via different route from ASC 68 |
| IITRI B1 | History not known |
| IITRI B2 | History not known |
| IITRI B3 | History not known |
a
USA, United States; UK, United Kingdom; NSW, New South Wales; CSF, cerebral spinal fluid.