Table 1.
Cases of heterotopic gastric mucosa in the rectum and anus sorted according to clinical category, location and size
| Age/Sex | Malformation | Location | Morphology. (Paris) | Size (mm) | Complication | Mucosa type & Hp status | Treatment | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asymptomatic | ||||||||
| 68, F | No | – | 0-IIa | 10 | No | Oxyntic, Hp neg | ER | [83] |
| 53, M | No | – | 0-IIa | 25 | No | Oxyntic, Hp neg | P-ER | [85] |
| 46, M | No | – | 0-Ip | 30 | No | Antral | ER | [70] |
| + adenoma | ||||||||
| 69, M | No | Perineal | 0-IIc | 7 | No | Oxyntic, Hp neg | ER | [23] |
| 50, M | No | Perineal | 0-Is | 10 | No | Oxyntic | – | [72] |
| 60, M | No | Perineal | 0-IIc | 30 | No | Mixed, Hp neg | Med | [73] |
| 63, M | No | Perineal | 0-IIb | 30 | No | Antral, Hp neg | ESD | Iacopini F, et al. |
| 28, F | No | Low | 0-I | – | No | Mixed | – | [64] |
| 34, M | No | Low | 0-Is | 25 | No | Oxyntic, Hp neg | ER | [65] |
| 26, M | RD, (multiple) | Middle | 0-Is | 60 | No | Oxyntic | Surgery | [38] |
| 46, F | No | Prox | 0-Ip | 15 | No | Oxyntic | Surgery | [3] |
| 46, F | Rd | Prox | 0-IIb | 15 | No | Oxyntic | No | [78] |
| 51, M | No | Prox | 0-II | 30 | No | Mixed + IM, | – | [54] |
| 46, M | No | Prox | 0-IIb | 30 | No | Cardiac + IM, Hp neg | No | [87] |
| Nonspecific abdominal symptoms | ||||||||
| 55, M | No | Perineal | 0-Is | 5 | No | Oxyntic, Hp neg | ER | [75] |
| 36, F | No | Perineal | 0-IIa-IIc | 10 | No | – | ER | [79] |
| 34, F | No | Perineal | 0-IIa | 15 | No | Oxyntic, Hp pos | – | [71] |
| 65, F | No | Low | 0-IIb | 30 | No | Oxyntic, Hp neg | ER | [88] |
| 51, M | No | Low | 0-IIa | 40 | No | Oxyntic, Hp neg | No | [86] |
| 35, F | RD | Middle | 0-IIb | 10 | No | Oxyntic, Hp pos | Med, Ablation | [60] |
| 31, M | No | Middle | 0-IIa | 20 | No | Oxyntic | Med | [63] |
| 5, F | RD | Prox | Ulcer | – | Perforation | – | – | [43] |
| Specific anal-rectal symptoms | ||||||||
| 3, F | no | – | ulcer | – | Fistula | – | – | [45] |
| 24, M | scoliosis | – | 0-I | – | No | Oxyntic | Surgery | [47] |
| 10, M | RD, (multiple) | – | 0-II | – | Fistula | – | Surgery | [56] |
| 9, M | no | – | 0-Is | – | No | – | Surgery | [62] |
| 2, F | multiple | − * | 0-Is | – | No | Oxyntic | Med | [55] |
| 3, M | no | − * | Ulcer | – | Ulcer morph. | Oxyntic | Surgery | [90] |
| 25, F | no | – | 0-I | 40 | No | Oxyntic | – | [37] |
| 15, F | no | − * | 0-IIa | 40 | Ulcer (rectal) | Oxyntic | Med, Surgery | [58] |
| 57, M | no | anus | 0-IIa | 8 | Ulcer (anal) | – | Surgery | [89] |
| 6, M | RD | Anus | Ulcer | 10 | Fistula | Oxyntic | Surgery | [67] |
| 9, F | No | Anus | 0-Ip | 15 | No | Oxyntic | ER | [61] |
| 1.5, F | RD | Anus | Ulcer | 20 | Fistula | Oxyntic | Surgery | [48] |
| 23, F | No | Perineal | Ulcer | – | Ulcer morph. | Oxyntic | Surgery | [33] |
| 24, M | RD, scoliosis | Perineal | 0-IIb | – | No | Oxyntic | Surgery | [42] |
| 14, M | No | Perineal | Ulcer | – | Ulcer morph. | Oxyntic | Surgery | [10] |
| 0.5, M | RD, digital | Perineal | 0-IIa | – | No | Oxyntic | Surgery | [49] |
| 4, M | No | Perineal | 0-IIb | – | Fistula | Oxyntic | Surgery | [50] |
| 21, M | No | Perineal | 0-I | – | No | Oxyntic | Surgery | [12] |
| 35, F | No | Perineal | 0-Is | – | No | Oxyntic, Hp neg | Surgery | [75] |
| 12, M | No | Perineal | 0-Is | 10 | No | Mixed, Hp neg | ER | [84] |
| 2, M | No | Perineal | 0-IIc | 15 | Ulcer (rectal) | Mixed, Hp neg | Surgery | [68] |
| 13, M | No | Perineal | Ulcer | 20 | Ulcer morph. | Oxyntic | Med, surgery | [26–28] |
| 11, M | No | Perineal | 0-IIb | 25 | No | Oxyntic | Surgery | [41] |
| 6, M | No | Perineal | 0-IIa-IIc | 25 | No | – | med, P-ER | [81] |
| 17, M | No | Perineal | 0-Is | 30 | Ulcer (rectal) | Oxyntic | Surgery | [52] |
| 58, M | Rectal | Perineal | 0-IIa | 50 | No | Oxyntic, Hp neg | No | [77] |
| 6, M | No | Low | 0-I | – | Ulcer (rectal) | Oxyntic | – | [25] |
| 3, M | No | Low | 0-I | – | No | Oxyntic | Surgery | [57] |
| 58, F | No | Low | 0-IIa | – | No | Oxyntic | – | [82] |
| 19, F | Multiple | Low * | 0-IIb | – | Perforation | Oxyntic | No | [39] |
| 51, M | No | Low | 0-IIb | 1 | No | Antral | Surgery | [3] |
| 5, M | No | Low | 0-Is | 10 | No | Oxyntic | Surgery | [36] |
| 4.5, M | No | Low | 0-Is | 15 | Ulcer (rectal) | Oxyntic | med, P-ER | [69] |
| 1, F | No | Low | 0-Is | 25 | No | Oxyntic | Surgery | [40] |
| 36, F | No | Low | 0-Is | 25 | No | Oxyntic, Hp pos | ER | [65] |
| 16, M | No | Low | 0-I | 30 | Ulcer (rectal) | Oxyntic | Surgery | [51] |
| 2, F | No | Low | 0-IIa | 30 | No | −, Hp neg | Med, surgery | [74] |
| 48, F | RD | Low | 0-IIb | 30 | No | Oxyntic, Hp neg | Surgery | [92] |
| 4, F | RD | Low | 0-II | 35 | No | Oxyntic | – | [34] |
| 5, F | No | Low | 0-IIa-IIc | 40 | No | Oxyntic | Med, P-ER | [80] |
| 4, M | No | Low | 0-IIa-IIc | 50 | Ulcer (rectal) | – | Med, surgery | [22] |
| 22, M | No | Low | 0-II | 50 | No | Oxyntic, Hp neg | – | [91] |
| 7, M | No | Middle | 0-Is | 15 | No | Oxyntic | ER | [3] |
| 22, M | No | Middle | 0-IIa-IIc | 40 | No | Oxyntic | Surgery | [46] |
| 0, F | Multiple | Prox * | 0-IIb | – | No | Mixed | – | [44] |
| 20, M | No | Prox | Ulcer | 15 | Ulcer (rectal) | Oxyntic | Med | [53] |
| 45, M | No | Prox | 0-Ip | 20 | No | Mixed | P-ER | [35] |
| 10, M | RD | Prox | 0-IIa | 20 | Ulcer (rectal) | Oxyntic | Surgery | [66] |
| 10, M | No | Prox | 0-Is | 30 | Ulcer (anal) | Oxyntic | Surgery | [59] |
| 47, F | No | Prox | 0-IIa | 30 | No | Oxyntic, Hp pos | Med, ablation | [76] |
ER, endoscopic resection; ESD, endoscopic submucosal dissection; F, Female; Hp, Helicobacter pylori; M, male; med, conservative treatment; P-ER, piecemeal endoscopic resection; RD, rectal duplication; *, multiple localization; IM, intestinal metaplasia