Table 4.
Univariate logistic regression analysis of demographic, clinical, psychological and physical factors
| Variable | % Cognitively impaired | % Cognitively intact | ORa | 95% CI | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||||
| (n = 38) | (n = 12) | ||||
| Age | |||||
| Below 40 | 2.6 | 8.3 | 1.00 | ||
| 41–50 | 7.9 | 25.0 | 1.00 | 0.04 – 24.55 | > 0.950 |
| 50–60 | 31.6 | 25.0 | 4.00 | 0.19 – 84.20 | 0.373 |
| 60 and above | 57.9 | 41.7 | 4.00 | 0.23 – 82.98 | 0.323 |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 55.3 | 58.3 | 1.00 | ||
| Female | 44.7 | 41.7 | 1.13 | 0.31 – 4.22 | 0.852 |
| Race | |||||
| Malay | 23.7 | 75 | 1.00 | ||
| Chinese | 57.9 | 25 | 7.33 | 1.61 – 33.51 | 0.010** |
| Indian | 18.4 | 0 | 1.62 × 109 | < 0.001 | > 0.950 |
| Marital Status | |||||
| Single | 15.8 | 16.7 | 1.00 | ||
| Married | 68.4 | 83.3 | 0.87 | 0.15 – 5.03 | 0.873 |
| Divorced | 2.6 | 0 | 5.38 × 108 | < 0.001 | > 0.950 |
| Widowed | 13.2 | 0 | 5.38 × 108 | < 0.001 | > 0.950 |
| Education level | |||||
| No schooling | 7.9 | 0 | 1.88 × 109 | < 0.001 | > 0.950 |
| Primary education | 21.1 | 8.3 | 9.33 | 0.89 – 97.62 | 0.062* |
| Secondary education | 55.3 | 33.3 | 6.13 | 1.33 – 28.21 | 0.020** |
| Tertiary education | 15.8 | 58.3 | 1.00 | ||
| Number of stroke attack | |||||
| 1 time | 76.3 | 83.3 | 1.00 | ||
| 2 time | 15.8 | 8.3 | 2.07 | 0.22 – 19.35 | 0.524 |
| 3 time | 7.9 | 8.3 | 1.03 | 0.10 – 11.12 | 0.978 |
| Affected lesion | |||||
| Left | 42.1 | 16.7 | 1.00 | ||
| Right | 55.3 | 75 | 0.29 | 0.06 – 1.54 | 0.147* |
| Right & Left | 2.6 | 8.3 | 0.13 | 0.01 – 2.88 | 0.194* |
| Affected face | |||||
| Not involved | 52.6 | 33.3 | 1.00 | ||
| Left | 26.3 | 41.7 | 0.40 | 0.09 – 1.83 | 0.237* |
| Right | 21.1 | 25 | 0.53 | 0.10 – 2.94 | 0.470 |
| Affected speech | |||||
| Yes | 47.4 | 50 | 0.90 | 0.25 – 3.30 | 0.874 |
| No | 52.6 | 50 | 1.00 | ||
| Traditional massage | |||||
| Yes | 60.5 | 75 | 0.51 | 0.12 – 2.20 | 0.367 |
| No | 39.5 | 25 | 1.00 | ||
| Acupuncture | |||||
| Yes | 71.1 | 58.3 | 1.75 | 0.46 – 6.73 | 0.413 |
| No | 28.9 | 41.7 | 1.00 | ||
| Faith Healer | |||||
| Yes | 10.5 | 0 | 5.70 × 104 | < 0.001 | > 0.950 |
| No | 89.5 | 100 | 1.00 | ||
| Blood pressure | |||||
| Yes | 65.8 | 66.7 | 0.96 | 0.24 – 3.80 | 0.955 |
| No | 34.2 | 33.3 | 1.00 | ||
| High Cholesterol | |||||
| Yes | 47.4 | 66.7 | 0.45 | 0.12 – 1.75 | 0.249* |
| No | 52.6 | 33.3 | 1.00 | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | |||||
| Yes | 47.4 | 33.3 | 1.80 | 0.46 – 7.00 | 0.396 |
| No | 52.6 | 66.7 | 1.00 | ||
| Smoking | |||||
| Yes | 18.4 | 16.7 | 1.13 | 0.20 – 6.34 | 0.890 |
| No | 81.6 | 83.3 | 1.00 | ||
| Heart disease | |||||
| Yes | 7.9 | 8.3 | 0.94 | 0.09 – 10.01 | 0.961 |
| No | 92.1 | 91.7 | 1.00 | ||
| Anxiety [Median (IQR)] | 3.00 (2.00–6.00) | 4.00 (0.25–5.00) | 1.07 | 0.85 – 1.35 | 0.563 |
| Depression [Mean (S.D)] | 5.29 (2.53) | 1.83 (1.70) | 2.16 | 0.85 – 1.35 | 0.001*** |
| Barthel Index [Median (IQR)] | 18.00 (16.00–20.00) | 20.00 (19.00–20.00) | 0.79 | 0.57 – 1.10 | 0.162* |
a
Crude Odds Ratio;
*
P < 0.25;
**
P < 0.05;
***
P < 0.01