Table 2.
Association of patient and emergency department (ED) characteristics with likelihood of hospitalization, among matched ED patients seen for chest pain at hospitals without observation unit.
| Adjusted Odds Ratio for Hospitalization | |
|---|---|
| Age | 1.13 (1.09-1.16) |
| Female | 0.66 (0.30-1.43) |
| Black/African American Race | 2.29 (0.78-6.69) |
| Hispanic/Latino Ethnicity | 0.004 (0.0001-0.14) |
| Insurance | |
| Medicare | 1 [ref] |
| Medicaid | 2.36 (0.47-11.78) |
| Self Pay/No Charge | 5.02 (0.68-36.84) |
| Other | 2.57 (0.89-7.37) |
| Oxygen Saturation, % | |
| ≥92 | 1 [ref] |
| <92 | 2.62 (0.08-80.74) |
| Heart Rate, beats/min | |
| <100 | 1 [ref] |
| ≥100 | 2.23 (0.80-6.18) |
| Systolic Blood Pressure, mmHg | |
| <115 | 1 [ref] |
| 115-160 | 0.14 (0.03-0.54) |
| >160 | 0.13 (0.03-0.56) |
| Comorbid Conditions | |
| Anemia | 800.43 (37.14-17251.01) |
| Hypertension | 0.09 (0.02-0.39) |
| Diabetes | 72.21 (6.49-802.72) |
| Coronary Atherosclerosis | 11.03 (1.58-76.79) |
| Cardiac Dysrhythmias | 1.69 (0.19-14.64) |
| COPD | 0.14 (0.02-0.91) |
| Asthma | 0.12 (0.02-0.70) |
| Cardiac Enzymes | 2.70 (0.80-9.11) |
| CT Scan | 0.38 (0.13-1.14) |
| Region | |
| Northeast | 1 [ref] |
| Midwest | 0.94 (0.35-2.49) |
| South | 1.25 (0.52-3.01) |
| West | 0.10 (0.03-0.40) |
| Non-Metropolitan Statistical Area | 0.16 (0.04-0.63) |
| Medications Administered | |
| Aspirin | 1.41 (0.57-3.44) |
| Antianginal | 43.71 (19.01-100.49) |
| Anticoagulant | 2.36 (0.19-29.33) |
| NSAIDs | 0.22 (0.07-0.70) |