Table 1. . List of monoamine transporter inhibitors as antidepressant agents.

Inhibitor class	Inhibitor	Year approved	SERT (Ki, nM)†	NET (Ki, nM)†	DAT (Ki, nM)†
TCAs	Imipramine	1951	1	37	8500
	Trimipramine	1966	149	2450	1690
	Amitriptyline	1961	4	35	3780
	Opipramol	1961	N/A‡	N/A	N/A
	Desipramine	1964	18	1	3190
	Nortriptyline	1963	18	4	1140
	Protriptyline	1966	20	1	2100
	Dosulepin	1969	9	46	5310
	Butriptyline	1974	1360	5100	3940
	Clomipramine	1970	0.3	38	2190
	Doxepin	1969	68	30	12,100
	Maprotiline	1974	5800	11	1000
	Amoxapine	1980	58	16	4310
	Lofepramine	1980	70	5	18,000
	Amineptine	1983	N/A	N/A	N/A
SSRI	Zimelidine	1982	152	9400	11,700
	Fluoxetine	1987	1	240	3600
	Paroxetine	1992	0.1	40	490
	Fluvoxamine	1994	2	1300	9200
	Citalopram	1989	1	4070	28,100
	Sertraline	1991	0.3	420	25
	Escitalopram	2001	1	>10000	>10,000
SNRI	Sibutramine	1997	N/A	N/A	N/A
	Venlafaxine	1993	9	1060	9300
	Milnacipran	2009	420	77	6100
	Duloxetine	2004	1	8	240
	Desvenlafaxine	2008	40	558	>100,000
	Levomilnacipran§	2013	11	92	>10,000
NRI	Viloxazine	1977	17,300	155	>100,000
	Mirtazapine	1994	>100,000	4600	>100,000
	Atomoxetine	2002	152	5	658
	Reboxetine	1999	242	3	>100,000
DRI	Bupropion	1985	9100	52,000	520
NRI/DRI	Nomifensine	1977	1010	16	562
SMS¶	Trazodone	1981	160	8500	7400
	Nefazodone	1994	200	360	360
	Vilazodone#	2011	0.1	56	37
	Vortioxetine††	2013	1.6	113	>1000

^†Activity values taken from [60] and [61] unless otherwise specified.

^‡N/A, no data available for human-cloned receptors.

^§Activity values taken from [62].

^¶Serotonin modulator and stimulator.

^#Activity values taken from [63].

^††Activity values taken from [64].

DAT: Dopamine transporter; DRI: Dopamine reuptake inhibitor; NET: Norepinephrine transporter; NRI: Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor; SERT: Serotonin transporter; SNRI: Serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor; SRS: Serotonin modulator and stimulator; SSRI: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; TCA: Tricyclic antidepressant.