Table 1. Ingredients and chemical composition of experimental diets (total-mixed ration, dry matter basis)1.
| Items | Prepartum | Postpartum |
|---|---|---|
| Ingredients, % | ||
| Corn silage | 41.94 | 28.19 |
| Alfalfa hay | 0 | 10.25 |
| Wheat straw | 23.48 | 10.25 |
| Corn grain | 17.28 | 24.91 |
| Wheat bran | 4.86 | 8.71 |
| Soybean meal | 5.04 | 7.79 |
| Cottonseed meal | 5.28 | 7.18 |
| Limestone | 0.66 | 1.33 |
| Sodium bicarbonate | 0.38 | 0.50 |
| Calcium phosphate | 0.34 | 0.12 |
| Salt | 0.23 | 0.30 |
| Magnesium oxide | 0.17 | 0.15 |
| Vitamin and mineral premix2 | 0.34 | 0.32 |
| Chemical composition, % | ||
| CP | 11.92 | 15.02 |
| EE | 3.77 | 4.40 |
| Starch | 26.48 | 29.13 |
| Ash | 6.81 | 5.27 |
| NDF | 45.32 | 36.04 |
| ADF | 27.32 | 21.97 |
| Ca | 0.51 | o.78 |
| P | 0.45 | 0.45 |
| Lys: Met3 | 3.13: 1 | 3.15: 1 |
| NEL, Mcal/kg dry matter3 | 1.51 | 1.69 |
1 CP = crude protein, EE = ether extracts, NDF = neutral detergent fiber, ADF = acid detergent fiber, Ca = calcium, P = phosphorus, Lys: Met = the ratio of lysine to methionine, and NEL = net energy for lactation.
2 Vitamin and mineral premix (per kilogram of total-mixed ration, dry matter basis): 10.5 mg Cu, 9.80 mg Zn, 12.00 mg Mn, 0.11 mg Co, 0.32 mg I, 0.15 mg Se, 2,500 IU vitamin A, 500 IU vitamin D3, and 40 IU vitamin E for pregnant cows; 6.4 mg Cu, 12.80 mg Zn, 15.20 mg Mn, 0.09 mg Co, 0.60 mg I, 0.17 mg Se, 2,500 IU vitamin A, 500 IU vitamin D3, and 70 IU vitamin E for lactating cows.
3 Lys: Met and NEL were calculated and estimated using Cornell-Penn-Miner Dairy (CPM-Dairy, version 3.0.8.1) software according to the NRC 2001 model.