. 2016 Aug 8;11(8):e0160659. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160659

Table 7. Effects of supplementation with rumen-protected choline (T_C), rumen-protected methionine (T_M) or both (T_CM) on the blood levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (means of whole period) in transition dairy cows (N = 7)¹.

Items	T₀	T_C	T_M	T_CM	SEM	P-value
Items	T₀	T_C	T_M	T_CM	SEM	C	M	C×M
IL-2, pg/mL	115.47	118.48	119.35	123.08	1.256	0.013	0.002	0.777
IL-4, ng/mL	1.07	1.08	1.06	1.11	0.021	0.133	0.604	0.394
IL-6, pg/mL	165.53	150.41	153.40	136.72	4.336	0.001	0.007	0.859
TNF-α, ng/mL	0.96	0.91	0.93	0.85	0.022	0.007	0.079	0.449

¹IL = interleukin, and TNF-α = tumor necrosis factor-α. Blood samples were collected at -21, -14, -7, 0, 7, 14, and 21 d.

Table 7. Effects of supplementation with rumen-protected choline (TC), rumen-protected methionine (TM) or both (TCM) on the blood levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (means of whole period) in transition dairy cows (N = 7)1.