Table 1.
Sociodemographic, behavioral and anthropometric characteristics and lipid profile of ELSA-Brasil participants aged 35 to 69 years, according to sex (2008-2010)
| Variables | Male n = 5,731 | Female n = 6,957 | Total n = 12,688 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographic characteristics | |||
| Sex (%) | 45.2 | 54.8 | |
| Age in years | 50.4 (± 8.2) | 50.5 (± 8.1) | 50.5 (± 8.1) |
| Skin color/race (%) | |||
| White | 50.5 | 50.5 | 50.5 |
| Mixed | 31.8 | 27.6 | 29.5 |
| Black | 14.6 | 18.2 | 16.6 |
| Yellow/ Native | 3.1 | 3.6 | 3.4 |
| Schooling (%) | |||
| High school | 48.2 | 54.6 | 51.7 |
| Middle school | 35.5 | 36.7 | 36.1 |
| Complete elementary | 8.4 | 5.2 | 6.6 |
| Incomplete elementary | 7.9 | 3.6 | 5.6 |
| Behaviors | |||
| Smoking (%) | |||
| Never smoked/ Ex-smoker | 84.7 | 87.4 | 86.2 |
| Smoker | 15.3 | 12.6 | 13.8 |
| Alcohol consumption (%) | |||
| Never | 4.5 | 15.5 | 10.5 |
| Ex-user | 19.9 | 20.1 | 20.0 |
| Moderate user | 63.1 | 60.9 | 61.9 |
| Abuser | 12.5 | 3.6 | 7.6 |
| Fruit and vegetable consumption (%) | |||
| ≤ 4x/week | 61.8 | 44.4 | 52.3 |
| ≥ 5x/week | 38.2 | 55.6 | 47.7 |
| Saturated fat intake (g)† | 32.2 (23.7; 44.2) | 27.4 (20.1; 36.6) | 29.4 (21.5; 40.1) |
| Carbohydrate intake (g)† | 354.6 (273.3; 468.4) | 289.3 (224.6; 377.6) | 316.3 (242.3; 416.9) |
| Leisure-time physical activity | |||
| Physical activity recommended by WHO* (%) | |||
| < 150 min/week | 57.7 | 68.4 | 63.6 |
| ≥ 150 min/week | 42.3 | 31.6 | 36.4 |
| Physical activity intensity†(%) | |||
| Insufficient | 74.7 | 81.0 | 78.1 |
| Moderate | 14.0 | 12.0 | 12.8 |
| Vigorous | 11.3 | 7.0 | 9.1 |
| Total physical activity duration (min/week) (median, Q1 and Q3) | 80.0 (0; 240.0) | 0 (0; 180.0) | 60.0 (0; 190.0) |
| Anthropometrics | |||
| Body mass index (kg/m2)* | 26.8 (± 4.3) | 26.9 (± 5.1) | 26.8 (± 4.8) |
| Waist-hip ratio* | 0.94 (± 0.07) | 0.84 (± 0.07) | 0.89 (± 0.09) |
| Lipids | |||
| HDL (mg/dL)* | 50.9 (± 12.2) | 61.8 (± 14.5) | 56.9 (± 14.6) |
| LDL (mg/dL)* | 133.9 (± 35.3) | 133.0 (± 34.4) | 133.4 (± 34.8) |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL)† | 131.0 (92.0; 192.0) | 100.0 (73.0; 140.0) | 112.0 (80.0; 163.0) |
Q1 and Q3: interquartile interval; WHO: World Health Organization; (*) Duration recommended by WHO; (†) Intensity defined based on long IPAQ. HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; (*) Mean (standard deviation); (†) Median (interquartile intervals).