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. 2016 Apr 15;124(8):1241–1252. doi: 10.1289/EHP237

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Proposed time-line for the cellular changes observed after BPA exposure based on our findings. We hypothesize that DNA repair is inhibited, at both the recognition and excision levels and at the transcription level up to 4 hr after treatment with BPA (in BPA-only cells) or with KBrO₃ (in co-exposed cells), and that between 4 and 24 hr, an adaptive response is induced by BPA co-exposure that results in the up-regulation of DNA repair networks, while alterations in the cellular microenvironment are induced through pH changes and antioxidant depletion. Such changes might result in long-term epigenetic changes or reprogramming events. PTM, post-translational modification.