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. 2016 Jan 13;124(8):1214–1226. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1510352

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ToxPi Chemical Activity on PPARγ and RXRα. The ability of a graded dose series of ToxPi chemicals to activate (A) GAL4-mPPARγ or (B) GAL4-hRXRα was tested in transiently transfected COS7 cells. (A, B) Data points are averages of triplicate transfections (three biological replicates). Cytotoxicity, as measured by decreased β-galactosidase activity was observed at 1 μM for triphenyltin. ToxPi chemicals were tested in 3-fold serial dilutions from 100 μM through 0.137 μM, with the final data point being 0.05% DMSO. Data are depicted as fold induction over vehicle (0.05% DMSO) controls ± SEM. (A) Rosiglitazone serves as a positive control activator for GAL4-mPPARγ. (B) LG100268 (2-[1-(3,5,5,8,8-Pentamethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-naphthyl)cyclopropyl]pyridine-5-carboxylic acid) serves as a positive control activator for GAL4-hRXRα. (C) EC₅₀ and EC₁₀ values calculated from A and B are reported and compared to other assays (see Figure S1). ATG, Attagene GAL-PPARγ or GAL-RXRα activation assay; NCGC, GeneBLAzer^® GAL-PPARγ or GAL-RXRα activation assays. Triphenyltin was previously published (Kanayama et al. 2005).