Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome and controls at the beginning of the study
| Parameter | Total n=45 mean ± SD | PCOS with metformin group (1) n=15 mean ± SD | PCOS without treatment group (2) n=12 mean ± SD | Control group (3) n=18 mean ± SD | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 23.3±2.81 | 23.27±3.24 | 23.83±2.89 | 22.89±2.47 | P=0.45 |
| Weight (kg) | 60±4.5 | 60.33±3.5 | 59.83±2.86 | 60.33±6.08 | P=0.38 |
| Height (cm) | 167.7±3.78 | 168.8±1.75 | 168.8±1.75 | 166±5.25 | P=0.39 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 21.44±1.47 | 21.19±1.27 | 21.1±1.01 | 21.87±1.8 | P=0.63 |
| FT3 (pmol/L) | 4.54±0.49 | 4.41±0.49 | 4.52±0.42 | 4.67±0.62 | P=0.32 |
| TSH (IU/mL) | 1.8±0.59 | 1.99±0.62 | 1.51±0.33 | 1.83±0.64 | P=0.45 |
| FT4 (pmol/L) | 13.62±2.09 | 13.01±2.2 | 13.61±1.4 | 14.13±2.32 | P=0.29 |
| Prolactin (μIU/mL) | 248.4±87.14 | 243.9±87.18 | 271.5±81.2 | 236.7±92.7 | P=0.22 |
| Estradiol (pmol/L) | 276.2±113.7 | 270.8±113.7 | 289.8±96.7 | 271.6±169.1 | P=0.11 |
| LH (mIU/mL) | 8.85±3.36 | 11.46±2.74 | 10.51±1.98 | 5.57±1.03 | P1,2 =0.48, P1,3 <0.001, P2,3 <0.001 |
| FSH (mIU/mL) | 6.16±1.14 | 6.87±1.08 | 5.99±0.62 | 5.69±1.2 | P1,2 =0.09, P1,3 =0.008, P2,3 =0.72 |
| Testosteron (nmol/L) | 1.96±0.76 | 2.51±0.34 | 2.51±0.28 | 1.14±0.42 | P1,2 =0.1, P1,3 <0.001, P2,3 <0.001 |
| SHBG (nmol/L) | 41.57±8.07 | 37.59±6.33 | 39.78±4.43 | 46.06±9.23 | P1,2 =0.72, P1,3 =0.006, P2,3 =0.07 |
| FAI | 5.06±2.32 | 6.97±1.47 | 6.32±0.45 | 2.64±1.23 | P1,2 =0.33, P1,3 <0.001, P2,3 <0.001 |
| Cortisol-0800 hours (μm/dL) | 20.5±7.63 | 21.5±6.82 | 20.5±5.82 | 19.7±5.82 | P=0.25 |
| Cortisol-1700 hours (μm/dL) | 10.3±4.78 | 11.3±4.48 | 10.2±4.67 | 9.5±4.33 | P=0.19 |
| Glucose 0′ (mmol/L) | 5.1±0.95 | 4.8±0.6 | 5.0±0.86 | 5.4±1.15 | P=0.17 |
| Glucose 60′ (mmol/L) | 5.7±1.4 | 5.5±1.44 | 5.6±1.34 | 5.8±1.38 | P=0.18 |
| Glucose 120′ (mmol/L) | 5.41±1.14 | 5.1±0.92 | 5.2±0.94 | 5.0±1.34 | P=0.38 |
| Insulin 0′ (μU/mL) | 11.6±5.43 | 14.4±5.49 | 14.84±2.45 | 8.9±3.84 | P1,2 =0.54, P1,3 =0.003, P2,3 =0.003 |
| Insulin 60′ (μU/mL) | 62.5±34.83 | 83.8±32.26 | 85.6±20.21 | 42.6±24.12 | P1,2 =0.43, P1,3 <0.001, P2,3 <0.001 |
| Insulin 120′ (μU/mL) | 55.9±35.5 | 78.2±35.48 | 76.34±31.3 | 35.1±19.62 | P1,2 =0.32, P1,3 <0.001, P2,3 <0.001 |
| β-Endorphins (pg/mL) | 12.01±4.95 | 16.22±2.04 | 14.84±2.45 | 6.61±1.97 | P1,2 =0.22, P1,3 <0.001, P2,3 <0.001 |
| PPT deltoid muscle (kg/cm2) | 7.82±2.55 | 9.56±1 | 9.91±1.4 | 4.96±0.55 | P1,2 =0.63, P1,3 <0.001, P2,3 <0.001 |
| PPT trapezius muscle (kg/cm2) | 6.79±1.89 | 7.96±0.98 | 8.4±0.94 | 4.74±0.6 | P1,2 =0.38, P1,3 <0.001, P2,3 <0.001 |
Notes: Data are presented as mean ± SD. Analysis was carried out using ANOVA test. Significance level <0.05.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; FT3, triiodothyronine; TSH, thyroid-stimulating hormone; FT4, thyroxin; SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin; FAI, free androgen index; LH, luteinizing hormone; FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; PPT, pressure pain threshold; PCOS, polycystic ovary syndrome.