Table 2.
Sensitivity analysis of screen time and risk of depression in juveniles
| Variable | Number of reports | OR (95% CI) | P Value | I2, p Value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No study being excluded | 21 | 1.12 (1.03 to 1.22) | 0.007 | 82.5, <0.001 |
| CS studies | 17 | 1.20 (1.10 to 1.30) | <0.001 | 73.8, <0.001 |
| LS studies | 4 | 0.88 (0.67 to 1.14) | 0.327 | 90.4, <0.001 |
| Exclude the converted studies | 16 | 1.19 (1.11 to 1.29) | <0.001 | 76.5, <0.001 |
| CS studies | 15 | 1.21 (1.11 to 1.32) | <0.001 | 76.2, <0.001 |
| LS studies | 1 | 1.07 (1.01 to 1.14) | 0.023 | – |
| Exclude studies with no covariate adjustment | 18 | 1.16 (1.10 to 1.26) | <0.001 | 80.3, <0.001 |
| CS studies | 15 | 1.21 (1.11 to 1.32) | <0.001 | 76.2, <0.001 |
| LS studies | 3 | 0.94 (0.71 to 1.26) | 0.695 | 86.8, 0.001 |
| Exclude studies with no adjustment for family or socioeconomic status† | 16 | 1.19 (1.10 to 1.29) | <0.001 | 76.3, <0.001 |
| CS studies | 14 | 1.22 (1.11 to 1.34) | <0.001 | 77.8, <0.001 |
| LS studies | 2 | 1.07 (1.01 to 1.14) | 0.021 | 0.0, 0.870 |
| Exclude studies with no adjustment for health risk behaviour‡ | 8 | 1.25 (1.12 to 1.40) | <0.001 | 77.7, <0.001 |
| CS studies | 8 | 1.25 (1.12 to 1.40) | <0.001 | 77.7, <0.001 |
| LS studies | 0 | – | – | – |
*p Value for heterogeneity.
†Family and socioeconomic status including: race/ethnicity, family structure, parental education, presence of parents, whether the family lives together, parents’ job status, socioeconomic status/household income.
‡Health risk behaviour including: physical activity, body mass index, smoking, drinking, drug abuse, fruit and vegetable intake, sleep time, other sedentary behaviours.
CS, cross-sectional; LS, longitudinal study.