Table 3.

Comparison of the residents and senior physician answers to the last 6 questions of the survey (use of the ultrasound technique)

	Residents n = 65	Seniors n = 125	p value
Use of ultrasound for CVC placement
Always	23 % (n = 15)	16 % (n = 20)	0.3
Almost always	66 % (n = 43)	41 % (n = 51)	0.001
Half of the time	8 % (n = 5)	22 % (n = 27)	0.03
Almost never	2 % (n = 1)	14 % (n = 17)	0.01
Never	2 % (n = 1)	8 % (n = 10)	0.1
Reasons you do not use ultrasound (MR)
You think you do not need it	28 % (n = 18)	40 % (n = 50)	0.1
Not available	43 % (n = 28)	27 % (n = 34)	0.04
No equipment	9 % (n = 6)	0	–
You think the procedure is longer with ultrasound	14 % (n = 9)	22 % (n = 27)	0.3
Lack of training	5 % (n = 3)	14 % (n = 18)	0.07
Other reasons	8 % (n = 5)	22 % (n = 28)	0.02
Which ultrasound technique do you use?
Skin mark	3 % (n = 2)	11 % (n = 13)	0.13
Ultrasound guided	81 % (n = 52)	65 % (n = 74)	0.007
Both	16 % (n = 10)	24 % (n = 27)	0.4
Which situations would encourage you to use ultrasound? (MR)
Obesity	57 % (n = 37)	52 % (n = 65)	0.6
Clotting abnormalities	65 % (n = 42)	64 % (n = 80))	0.9
Jugular site	51 % (n = 33)	42 % (n = 52	0.3
Femoral site	12 % (n = 8)	23 % (n = 29)	0.1
Subclavian site	17 % (n = 11)	5 % (n = 6)	0.01
Anatomic difficulties	57 % (n = 37)	50 % (n = 62)	0.4
Missed landmark procedure	37 % (n = 24)	46 % (n = 57)	0.3
None	0	5 % (n = 6)	–
How many times have you experienced an emergency situation in which ultrasound was not available sufficiently rapidly during the last 12 months?
0	40 % (n = 26)	50 % (n = 63)	0.2
<2	35 % (n = 23)	17 % (n = 21)	0.007
2–5	21 % (n = 14)	26 % (n = 32)	0.6
6–10	3 % (n = 2)	6 % (n = 7)	0.7
>10	0	2 % (n = 2)	–
Do you think the landmark procedure should still be taught to residents?
Yes	95 % (n = 62)	89 % (n = 111)	0.4
No	5 % (n = 3)	11 % (n = 14)	0.2

CVC central venous catheter, MR multiple responses