Table 5.
IRRs and 95% CIs of the medium and high tertiles of patients on ART relative to the lowest ART tertile on district non-HIV care outputs, from district monthly routine HMIS data reports (2005/2006–2010/2011, 6 years)
| Non-HIV care output indicator | Medium investment in relation to low investment IRR (95% CI, P-value) | High investment in relation to low investment IRR (95% CI, P-value) | Number of monthly reports with data | Denominator variable for rates (model exposure) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outpatient visits for children aged 4 and younger | 0.93 (0.90–0.96, <0.001) | 0.89 (0.85–0.94, <0.001) | 3419 | Population |
| In-facility deliveries | 0.96 (0.93–0.99, 0.020) | 0.95 (0.91–1.00, 0.033) | 3425 | Population |
| DPT3 for children younger than 1 year of age | 1.00 (0.96–1.03, 0.778) | 0.94 (0.90–0.99, 0.017) | 3419 | Deliveries |
| TB tests | 0.88 (0.83–0.94, <0.001) | 0.78 (0.72–0.85, <0.001) | 3369 | Population |
| Malaria blood smears conducted | 0.99 (0.94–1.03, 0.519) | 1.01 (0.94–1.07, 0.835) | 3430 | Population |
| Maternal deaths | 0.93 (0.81–1.06, 0.292) | 0.87 (0.73–1.04, 0.134) | 3357 | Deliveries |
Source of data and notes: Uganda HMIS monthly data from Districts (based on the UgHMIS123 form), as collected by the research teams from each of Uganda’s 112 districts. Control variables in the models include sanitation at the district level (% of population with pit latrines), % of eligible children enrolled in elementary schools at the district level and HIV prevalence at the 10-region level. Additional control variables include year and month of source data, to control for seasonal variation and a variety of annual factors. The unit of analysis is ‘District Month’. IRRs can be interpreted as the relative rate of the outcome measure in relation to the lowest investment PEPFAR tertile when all other variables are held constant (i.e. considering the number of people on PEPFAR-supported ART in each district, how many more times likely is the outcome to occur in the middle or top third district-months of ART investment compared with the bottom third of district-months.) At the 112 district level, 92% (5295 of a possible 5736) of the forms were collected. When collapsed to the 56-district level, there were 3756 district monthly reports for analysis (some missing sub-district forms). Over the 72 months of the study, an average 52.2 reports were available out of a possible 56, with a range of 45–56.