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. 2016 Aug 9;6:31327. doi: 10.1038/srep31327

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Copyright © 2016, The Author(s)

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Energy levels of Er³⁺ ions (a) and the crystal field splitting of energy levels of ⁴S_3/2 (b) and ⁴F_9/2 (c) of the Er³⁺ ion in NaNbO₃ nano-crystals.