(A) In diet-induced obese mice, aberrantly elevated hepatic miR-34a represses the expression of the obligate co-receptor for FGF19, βKL, by directly binding to the 3’UTR of the βKL transcript, resulting in attenuation of FGF19 signaling. The impaired FGF19 signaling in obesity leads to increased triglycerides/glucose levels, decreased glycogen levels in the liver, and decreased insulin sensitivity in fatty liver of obese mice. (B) Treatment with anti-miR-34a in dietary obese mice results in downregulation of the elevated miR-34a, increased expression of βKL, and subsequently, improves FGF19 signaling. The improved FGF19 signaling results in increased glycogen levels, decreased triglycerides levels in the liver, and increased insulin sensitivity.