Table 2.
BMI, WC and WHtR changes by quartiles of dietary patterns across four survey years
| Survey year | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2004 | 2006 | 2009 | 2011 | P for trend* | |
| BMI | |||||
| Traditional | Mean (s.d) | Mean (s.d) | Mean (s.d) | Mean (s.d) | |
| Q1 | 23.6 (3.8) | 23.6 (3.9) | 23.6 (3.8) | 23.6 (4.0) | 0.90 |
| Q2 | 23.6 (4.0) | 23.3 (4.0) | 22.9 (4.0) | 23.3 (4.0) | 0.004 |
| Q3 | 23.0 (3.6) | 22.4 (3.5) | 22.7 (3.7) | 22.5 (3.6) | 0.52 |
| Q4 | 22.2 (3.4) | 22.5 (3.5) | 22.5 (3.7) | 22.4 (3.5) | 0.50 |
| Modern | |||||
| Q1 | 22.0 (3.5) | 22.1 (3.6) | 22.1 (3.8) | 21.9 (3.3) | 0.15 |
| Q2 | 22.7 (3.8) | 22.3 (3.7) | 22.3 (3.6) | 22.6 (3.8) | 0.33 |
| Q3 | 23.7 (3.7) | 23.4 (3.8) | 23.3 (3.9) | 23.2 (3.8) | 0.06 |
| Q4 | 24.2 (3.7) | 24.1 (3.7) | 24.0 (3.6) | 23.6 (3.9) | 0.004 |
| Weight | |||||
| Traditional | |||||
| Q1 | 60.0 (11.7) | 59.4 (11.7) | 59.5 (11.7) | 59.3 (12.6) | 0.01 |
| Q2 | 58.5 (11.8) | 57.4 (11.8) | 56.1 (12.3) | 56.6 (11.4) | <0.001 |
| Q3 | 55.9 (11.0) | 54.5 (10.5) | 55.8 (11.2) | 54.8 (11.1) | 0.34 |
| Q4 | 55.3 (10.9) | 56.4 (11.0) | 56.5 (11.1) | 55.3 (10.9) | 0.02 |
| Modern | |||||
| Q1 | 53.5 (10.6) | 53.1 (10.3) | 53.1 (10.6) | 51.8 (10.0) | 0.04 |
| Q2 | 55.4 (11.0) | 53.6 (10.5) | 54.2 (10.9) | 54.0 (10.4) | 0.37 |
| Q3 | 59.1 (11.5) | 58.7 (10.7) | 58.3 (11.9) | 57.5 (11.9) | 0.001 |
| Q4 | 62.8 (10.9) | 62.1 (11.4) | 61.5 (11.2) | 60.1 (12.0) | <0.001 |
| WC | |||||
| Traditional | |||||
| Q1 | 84.4 (11.5) | 84.7 (11.1) | 86.1 (10.5) | 86.2 (10.8) | <0.001 |
| Q2 | 84.3 (11.0) | 84.4 (10.5) | 83.4 (10.9) | 85.2 (10.5) | 0.29 |
| Q3 | 82.6 (10.3) | 81.7 (10.0) | 83.6 (10.9) | 82.9 (10.7) | 0.007 |
| Q4 | 80.6 (10.3) | 81.8 (10.6) | 82.4 (10.5) | 82.6 (10.7) | 0.001 |
| Modern | |||||
| Q1 | 80.8 (10.2) | 80.6 (10.0) | 81.4 (10.3) | 81.3 (9.9) | 0.004 |
| Q2 | 81.2 (10.9) | 80.9 (10.1) | 82.4 (10.6) | 83.2 (11.0) | <0.001 |
| Q3 | 83.9 (11.5) | 84.6 (10.9) | 84.5 (11.1) | 85.4 (10.6) | 0.04 |
| Q4 | 86.5 (10.0) | 86.4 (10.6) | 86.8 (10.3) | 85.7 (10.7) | 0.57 |
| Hypertension | |||||
| SBP | |||||
| Traditional | |||||
| Q1 | 133.0 (21.7) | 132.0 (20.0) | 135.3 (19.0) | 136.1 (18.7) | <0.001 |
| Q2 | 136.0 (22.4) | 132.7 (22.1) | 137.0 (21.0) | 136.1 (21.3) | 0.05 |
| Q3 | 133.7 (22.5) | 130.9 (21.0) | 136.8 (20.0) | 135.8 (21.4) | 0.002 |
| Q4 | 133.4 (21.6) | 132.2 (20.5) | 135.8 (21.9) | 135.3 (22.6) | 0.008 |
| Modern | |||||
| Q1 | 132.2 (23.9) | 130.3 (21.4) | 133.4 (19.8) | 132.0 (24.1) | 0.14 |
| Q2 | 135.0 (22.1) | 129.7 (20.7) | 136.9 (22.2) | 137.2 (20.4) | 0.002 |
| Q3 | 135.2 (21.7) | 134.2 (20.8) | 136.4 (19.3) | 137.0 (19.3) | 0.06 |
| Q4 | 133.9 (19.6) | 133.5 (20.5) | 138.1 (20.3) | 135.8 (20.9) | 0.001 |
| DBP | |||||
| Traditional | |||||
| Q1 | 81.8 (12.4) | 81.7 (11.4) | 83.9 (11.8) | 82.0 (10.1) | 0.03 |
| Q2 | 82.2 (13.3) | 81.6 (13.0) | 82.5 (12.2) | 79.9 (11.8) | 0.33 |
| Q3 | 80.3 (12.0) | 80.4 (12.2) | 81.3 (11.3) | 78.6 (12.4) | 0.62 |
| Q4 | 80.5 (11.5) | 80.7 (11.3) | 81.3 (11.5) | 78.1 (11.5) | 0.03 |
| Modern | |||||
| Q1 | 81.4 (13.7) | 80.2 (12.2) | 82.3 (12.3) | 77.0 (12.4) | 0.20 |
| Q2 | 80.8 (12.5) | 79.5 (11.7) | 81.6 (12.1) | 80.7 (11.8) | 0.19 |
| Q3 | 81.8 (11.5) | 82.6 (12.7) | 82.6 (12.1) | 79.7 (10.8) | 0.16 |
| Q4 | 80.7 (11.0) | 82.0 (11.2) | 82.4 (10.6) | 80.4 (11.4) | 0.92 |
* Linear regressions were used to examine the associations between both dietary patterns and BMI, weight, WC, SBP and DBP