Figure 3.

A, Total vessel density (TVD) is higher in offspring born preterm to both hypertensive and normotensive pregnancies compared with term pregnancies (i), and there is a graded relationship between gestational age and microvessel density at birth (ii). P value is presented as 1-way ANOVA test between groups. B, Both hypertensive and normotensive preterm offspring show a significant reduction in microvessel density during the first 3 months of life similar to that seen in term hypertensive pregnancies (i). Altered in vitro tube formation is also evident in samples from both term and preterm hypertensive pregnancy groups (ii) and (iii). PT-HTN preterm indicates hypertensive pregnancies; PT-NT, preterm-normotensive pregnancies; T-HTN term, hypertensive pregnancies; and T-NT term, normotensive pregnancies. The asterisks indicate the level of significance (*P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001) for the 2-tailed independent sample t test between each pregnancy complication group with normotensive group. Bar plots are presented as mean±SEM.