Table 1.
Parasite occurrence and geographic origin of samples and sequences used during the current studies. Data are indicative of occurrence not prevalence. Small numbers of samples were collected from Belgium, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Spain and the United Kingdom and grouped together here as Europe, with those from the countries shown underlined here used to generate sequences. European data were combined to provide a statistically significant unit.
| Country | Farms sampled for species detection by PCR (No. negative) | ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 sequences useda (No. samples used for PCR) | No. farms positive for Eimeria spp./genotype occurrence (%) |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E. acervulina | E. brunetti | E. maxima | E. mitis | E. necatrix | E. praecox | E. tenella | OTUx | OTUy | OTUz | |||
| Egypt | 44 (12) | 12 (5) | 16 (36.4) | 5 (11.4) | 14 (31.8) | 9 (20.5) | 1 (2.3) | 2 (4.5) | 7 (15.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Libya | 62 (22) | 16 (5) | 13 (21.0) | 1 (1.6) | 8 (12.9) | 9 (14.5) | 14 (22.6) | 2 (3.2) | 18 (29.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Ghana | 18 (0) | 16 (5) | 12 (66.7) | 1 (5.6) | 2 (11.1) | 7 (38.9) | 3 (16.7) | 6 (33.3) | 7 (38.9) | 3 (16.7) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (11.1) |
| Nigeria | 59 (5) | 30 (12) | 26 (44.1) | 4 (6.8) | 9 (15.3) | 16 (27.1) | 7 (11.9) | 2 (3.4) | 35 (59.3) | 10 (16.9) | 2 (3.4) | 9 (15.3) |
| Tanzania | 38 (1) | 39 (12) | 22 (57.9) | 5 (13.2) | 7 (18.4) | 12 (31.6) | 7 (18.4) | 15 (39.5) | 19 (50.0) | 9 (23.7) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (18.4) |
| Uganda | 6 (0) | 35 (5) | 4 (66.7) | 2 (33.3) | 1 (16.7) | 1 (16.7) | 2 (33.3) | 1 (16.7) | 3 (50.0) | 1 (16.7) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (33.3) |
| Zambia | 40 (9) | 15 (5) | 20 (50.0) | 1 (2.5) | 3 (7.5) | 2 (5.0) | 8 (20.0) | 8 (20.0) | 9 (22.5) | 2 (5.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.5) |
| India | 198 (47) | 2 (2) | 65 (32.8) | 7 (3.5) | 32 (16.2) | 56 (28.3) | 44 (22.2) | 32 (16.2) | 122 (61.6) | 3 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) | 11 (5.6) |
| Japan | 0 | 1 (1) | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| China | 11 (NR) | 11b | 4 (36.4) | 3 (27.3) | 2 (18.2) | 2 (18.2) | 1 (9.1) | 3 (27.3) | 7 (63.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Europe | 16 (NR) | 24 (5) | 7 (20.6) | 1 (2.9) | 2 (5.9) | 4 (11.8) | 1 (2.9) | 2 (5.9) | 6 (17.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| USA | 16 (NR) | 1+31b | 11 (68.8) | 1 (6.3) | 3 (18.8) | 1 (6.3) | 1 (6.3) | 2 (12.5) | 6 (37.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Venezuela | 4 (0) | 15 (4) | 4 (100.0) | 1 (25.0) | 1 (25.0) | 2 (50.0) | 1 (25.0) | 1 (25.0) | 3 (75.0) | 1 (25.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (25.0) |
| Total: 21 | 512 | 248 | ||||||||||
nd, not done; NR, not relevant; OTU, Operational Taxonomic Units; ITS, internal transcribed spacer.
a
The published sequences used are available in Supplementary Table S2.